A RAS(ON) Multi-Selective Inhibitor Combination Therapy Triggers Long-term Tumor Control through Senescence-Associated Tumor-Immune Equilibrium in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Unlabelled: Pharmacological inhibition of oncogenic RAS represents an attractive strategy to target pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an almost ubiquitously RAS-driven disease. However, initial responses to targeted monotherapy inhibition of active RAS can be followed by relapses, potentially driven by the persistence of drug-tolerant tumor cells. To target these "persister" cells, we investigated strategies to increase their immune visibility in mouse models of PDAC.

On the chemical state of Co oxide electrocatalysts during alkaline water splitting.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and high-resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy were used to identify the chemical state of a Co electrocatalyst in situ during the oxygen evolution reaction. After anodic electrodeposition onto Au(111) from a Co(2+)-containing electrolyte, the chemical environment of Co can be identified to be almost identical to CoOOH. With increasing potentials, a subtle increase of the Co oxidation state is observed, indicating a non-stoichiometric composition of the working OER catalyst containing a small fraction of Co(4+) sites.