A prospective study on clinicians' attitudes and survival outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC and poor performance status in the immunotherapy era: PICASO (GOIRC-04-2020).

Background: Therapeutic strategies for patients with advanced NSCLC and an ECOG performance status (PS) 2 at diagnosis are supported by limited evidence.

Patients And Methods: We led a prospective, observational study in 20 Italian centers on patients with advanced NSCLC and ECOG PS 2. Patients with EGFR mutations, ALK fusions or receiving first-line targeted treatments were excluded.

Pathological complete response achieved with FLOT chemotherapy in two patients with MSI-H esophagogastric junction and gastric adenocarcinoma.

Globally, more than 1 million new cases of gastric cancer were estimated in 2020, ranking fourth in cancer mortality. Currently although in resectable gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma a perioperative triplet chemotherapy regimen including a fluoropyrimidine, a platinum compound and docetaxel (FLOT) demonstrated a better overall survival, the survival rate is still very low, and a massive effort is still required to improve clinical prognosis. High microsatellite instability (MSI-H) status in gastric cancer is a favorable prognostic factor but poor data are available on its predictive role for perioperative FLOT chemotherapy in resectable gastric cancer.

Dermoscopy as a Tool for Identifying Potentially Metastatic Thin Melanoma: A Clinical-Dermoscopic and Histopathological Case-Control Study.

Despite being early-stage tumors, thin cutaneous melanomas contribute significantly to mortality and have a rising incidence. A retrospective case-control study was performed to identify clinical-dermoscopic and histopathological variables linked to local and distant metastases in melanomas ≤0.8 mm.

A case report of a lung cancer patient with two uncommon EGFR mutations and a review of the literature: two sides of the same coin.

Lung cancer is the malignancy with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 60% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents driver alterations most of which are targetable. Nowadays, limited clinical data are available regarding the efficacy of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with NSCLC harboring uncommon EGFR mutations, considering their heterogeneity.

Adjuvant Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Hype or Hope?

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the third most common genitourinary cancer accounting for approximately 180,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Although over two-thirds of patients initially present localized disease, up to 50% of them may progress to metastatic disease. Adjuvant therapy aims to reduce the recurrence risk and improve outcomes in several types of cancers but is currently an unmet need in RCC.

Long-term response of more than 9 years to regorafenib in a heavily pretreated patient with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, with approximately 1.9 million new diagnoses and 935 000 deaths annually. Overall, there is accumulating evidence that receiving all available treatments leads to a survival advantage and, although tailored treatments might be appropriate for selected patients, the one-size-fits-all approach is still widely used in chemo-refractory patients.

Combining inhibition of immune checkpoints and PARP: rationale and perspectives in cancer treatment.

Introduction: Genomic instability resulting from the inability of cells to repair DNA damage is a breeding ground for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted treatments. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) interfere with the efficient repair of DNA single-strand break damage inducing, mainly in tumors with existing defects in double strand DNA repair system, synthetic lethality.

Areas Covered: By amplifying the DNA damage and inducing immunogenic cell death PARPi leads tumor neoantigens to increase, upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment facilitating a more intense antitumor immune response.

Challenges in the treatment of small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy and molecular classification.

For many years the standard of care for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has remained unchanged. Despite decades of active research, current treatment options are limited and the prognosis of patients with extended disease (ED) SCLC remains poor. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represents an exception and the only recent approval for ED-SCLC.