Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections in Elective and Emergency Surgeries: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) cause morbidity, disabilities, and healthcare costs. This study aims to assess patient- and surgery-related factors influencing SSIs with standardized preoperative, operative, and postoperative care.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 140 patients undergoing elective or emergency surgeries at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Egypt, from October 2020 to September 2021.

Optimization the stochastic optimal reactive power dispatch with renewable energy resources using a modified dandelion algorithm.

Improvement performance of transmission systems is crucial task that can be boosted via optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD). However, the continuous variations of load demand and the power produced by the renewable energy sources (RERs) increases the complicities of solving the stochastic optimal reactive power dispatch (SORPD) solution. In this regard, a modified Dandelion Optimizer (MDO) algorithm is introduced to optimize the SORPD solution with taking into consideration the stochastic fluctuations or the random variations of the load demand and the power produced by RERs.

Management of Mirizzi Syndrome Type I: A Case Report.

Mirizzi syndrome is a rare yet clinically significant condition characterized by mechanical obstruction of the common bile duct (CBD) and the hepatic duct. This obstruction arises from external compression caused by one or more impacted gallstones, most often lodged in Hartmann's pouch, a segment of the gallbladder located near the cystic duct. The prolonged presence of these gallstones can lead to localized inflammation, fibrosis, and scarring, further exacerbating the narrowing of the bile ducts.

Antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria from the sediments of adjoining high Arctic fjords, Svalbard.

Antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are now considered major global threats. The Kongsfjorden and Krossfjorden are the interlinked fjords in the Arctic that are currently experiencing the effects of climate change and receiving input of pollutants from distant and regional sources. The present study focused on understanding the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of retrievable heterotrophic bacteria from the sediments of adjacent Arctic fjords Kongsfjorden and Krossfjorden.

Engineering Porosity and Functionality in a Robust Twofold Interpenetrated Bismuth-Based MOF: Toward a Porous, Stable, and Photoactive Material.

Defect engineering in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has gained worldwide research traction, as it offers tools to tune the properties of MOFs. Herein, we report a novel 2-fold interpenetrated Bi-based MOF made of a tritopic flexible organic linker, followed by missing-linker defect engineering. This procedure creates a gradually augmented micro- and mesoporosity in the parent (originally nonporous) network.

Geometric trust-based secure localization technique for resiliency of GPS outage and location error in vehicular cyber-physical systems (VCPS).

Management of vehicle traffic is a challenging task as it is non-deterministic by nature. Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems (VCPS) is the emerging field of dynamics of vehicle management. Vehicle localization is considered an important task in VCPS.

Assessing the Anxiety and Knowledge about Monkeypox Virus: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.

Introduction Recent cases of human monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections have raised global health concerns, as sporadic instances have occurred in various regions, prompting investigations into the potential for increased transmission. This underscores the importance of effective communication strategies in addressing the emerging challenges associated with this viral ailment. The study was conducted to understand public anxiety and knowledge related to MPXV infection, particularly in the context of emerging infectious diseases.

Investigating the T regulatory cells and Sirtuin-I serum level in immunotherapy treated house dust mite allergic asthma patients.

Objectives: House dust mite aeroallergens are predominant triggers of frequent asthma attacks among adults and children. The intensity of asthma and immune reaction necessitates treatment alternatives based on adjusting chosen immunity biomarkers to control the exacerbation of symptoms and establish long-term immune tolerance. In this study, we selected CD4CD25Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs), FOXP3, and Sirtuin-1 as they are known to have a potential role in the immune reaction in different allergic diseases.

Condition optimization of eco-friendly RP-HPLC and MCR methods via Box-Behnken design and six sigma approach for detecting antibiotic residues.

A precise, Eco-friendly, and highly sensitive RP-HPLC method was employed using quality-by-design principles to concurrently identify cephalexin and cefixime residues in the manufacturing machines using a hypersil BDS C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at wavelength 254 nm. The Box-Behnken design was applied to obtain the best chromatographic conditions with the fewest possible trials.

A Novel CNN pooling layer for breast cancer segmentation and classification from thermograms.

Breast cancer is the second most frequent cancer worldwide, following lung cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death and a major cause of cancer death among women. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been successfully applied for the diagnosis of breast cancer using different imaging modalities. Pooling is a main data processing step in CNN that decreases the feature maps' dimensionality without losing major patterns.

De novo design of novel spike glycoprotein inhibitors using e-pharmacophore modeling, molecular hybridization, ADMET, quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics studies for COVID-19.

The pandemic COVID-19, caused by SARS-COV-2, has been a global concern and burden since April 2020 due to high contagiousness and pathogenesis. A great effort is being devoted to identify and investigate different druggable targets for SARS-COV-2 drug discovery. At least three targets have been identified among them is the spike glycoprotein which facilitates viral entry by binding to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE-2 receptor) in host cell.

Leveraging Polio Geographic Information System Platforms in the African Region for Mitigating COVID-19 Contact Tracing and Surveillance Challenges: Viewpoint.

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Africa is an urgent public health crisis. Estimated models projected over 150,000 deaths and 4,600,000 hospitalizations in the first year of the disease in the absence of adequate interventions. Therefore, electronic contact tracing and surveillance have critical roles in decreasing COVID-19 transmission; yet, if not conducted properly, these methods can rapidly become a bottleneck for synchronized data collection, case detection, and case management.

Detrimental proarrhythmogenic interaction of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and Na1.8 in heart failure.

An interplay between Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδc (CaMKIIδc) and late Na current (I) is known to induce arrhythmias in the failing heart. Here, we elucidate the role of the sodium channel isoform Na1.8 for CaMKIIδc-dependent proarrhythmia.

Tissue Sodium Concentration within White Matter Correlates with the Extent of Small Vessel Disease.

Introduction: Sodium MRI (23Na MRI) derived biomarkers such as tissue sodium concentration (TSC) provide valuable information on cell function and brain tissue viability and has become a reliable tool for the assessment of brain tumors and ischemic stroke beyond pathoanatomical morphology. Patients with major stroke often suffer from different degrees of underlying white matter lesions (WMLs) attributed to chronic small vessel disease. This study aimed to evaluate the WM TSC in patients with an acute ischemic stroke and to correlate the TSC with the extent of small vessel disease.

MRI Detection of Changes in Tissue Sodium Concentration in Brain Metastases after Stereotactic Radiosurgery: A Feasibility Study.

Background And Purpose: To date, treatment response to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in brain metastases (BM) can only be determined by MRI evaluation of contrast-enhancing lesions in a long-time follow-up. Sodium MRI has been a subject of immense interest in imaging research as the measure of tissue sodium concentration (TSC) can give valuable quantitative information on cell viability. We aimed to analyze the longitudinal changes of TSC in BM measured with Na MRI before and after SRS for assessment of early local tumor effects.

Molecular Diagnosis of Species Infection in Camels Using Semi-nested PCR.

Background And Objective: Bacteriological isolation and identification of Mycoplasma species is difficult and time-consuming, therefore, molecular identification of Mycoplasma using PCR targeting specific genes is considered a specific and sensitive method for identification. The aim of current study was to isolate, characterize Mycoplasma infection in dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: Nasal swabs were randomly collected from 93 camels and tested for Mycoplasma by sequencing of their 16S rRNA genes using universal primers.

Application of periareolar mastopexy technique for giant phyllodes tumor resection in an adolescent female with breast asymmetry: a case report and literature review.

Background: The phyllodes tumors are rare neoplastic disease which exhibits a benign behavior in adolescents female. After resection of a large benign breast tumor, insufficient breast contour may result with nipple areola complex malposition. As symmetry of the breast is psychologically extremely crucial, especially in adolescents, in such cases, an immediate mammoplasty-like breast reduction or mastopexy technique of the affected breast will be necessary to provide symmetry of the bilateral breasts at the initial surgery.

Biodistribution and toxicity assessment of copper nanoparticles in the rat brain.

Aims: The increase in the usage of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) in the industrial and medical fields has raised concerns about their possible adverse effects. The present study aims to investigate the potential adverse effects of Cu NPs on the brain of adult male Wistar rats through the estimation of some oxidative stress parameters and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.

Basic Procedures: Cu NPs were prepared and characterized using different techniques: Dynamic Light Scattering, X-Ray Diffraction, Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy, in addition to Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy.

Phloretin loaded chitosan nanoparticles enhance the antioxidants and apoptotic mechanisms in DMBA induced experimental carcinogenesis.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phloretin loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PhCsNPs) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced experimental cancer in hamsters. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was induced in male golden Syrian hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA three times a week for 14 weeks.

Preparation and Evaluation of Functional Foods for Prevention of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background And Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem presenting one of the most important common forms of liver diseases worldwide. This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of two functional foods in form of bread containing purslane seeds meal and garden cress seeds against NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: High fat and high cholesterol diet were used for induction of NAFLD in rats for 6 weeks.

Quantum Interference Effects on Information Phase Space and Entropy Squeezing.

Wehrl entropy and its density are used to investigate the dynamics of loss of coherence and information in a phase space for an atomic model of two-photon two-level atom coupled to different radiation reservoirs (namely, normal vacuum (NV), thermal field (TF) and squeezed vacuum (SV) reservoirs). Particularly, quantum interference (QI) effect, due to the 2-photon transition decay channels, has a paramount role in: (i) the atomic inversion decay in the NV case, which behaves as quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno decay effect; (ii) the coherence and information loss in the phase space; and (iii) identifying temporal information entropy squeezing. Results are also sensitive to the initial atomic state.

Anti-oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Cyclic Diarylheptanoids from Stem Bark.

A new cyclic diarylheptanoid namely alnuheptanoid B (3), along with four known cyclic diarylheptanoids: myricanone (1), (+)--myricanol (2), myricanone 5-- -D-glucopyranoside (4), and (+)--myricanol 5-- -D-glucopyranoside (5) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Steud (family: Betulaceae) stem bark. Their structures were established by different spectroscopic analyses, as well as optical rotation measurement. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 are isolated for the first time from .

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Docking Analysis of Some Novel Quinazolin Derivatives as Antitumor Agents.

Different acid chlorides (2a-d) reacted with anthranilic acid to produce 2-substituted-3, 1-benzoxazin-4-one (3a-d) which was used as starting material to synthesize some condensed and non-condensed heterocyclic compounds by reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles e.g., hydrazine hydrate, and formamide.