The impact of lifestyle factors on trajectories of cognitive subtypes in the older adult population.

Cognitive aging is a complex process influenced by diverse life experiences and environmental factors. However, some traditional studies have oversimplified this process by assuming that cognitive aging trajectories follow a uniform process and that all individuals will experience similar declines. This framework minimizes the impact of external factors, neglecting the diversity observed in the aging population.

Interpretable machine learning for precision cognitive aging.

Introduction: Machine performance has surpassed human capabilities in various tasks, yet the opacity of complex models limits their adoption in critical fields such as healthcare. Explainable AI (XAI) has emerged to address this by enhancing transparency and trust in AI decision-making. However, a persistent gap exists between interpretability and performance, as black-box models, such as deep neural networks, often outperform white-box models, such as regression-based approaches.

A Subtype Perspective on Cognitive Trajectories in Healthy Aging.

Cognitive aging is a complex and dynamic process characterized by changes due to genetics and environmental factors, including lifestyle choices and environmental exposure, which contribute to the heterogeneity observed in cognitive outcomes. This heterogeneity is particularly pronounced among older adults, with some individuals maintaining stable cognitive function while others experience complex, non-linear changes, making it difficult to identify meaningful decline accurately. Current research methods range from population-level modeling to individual-specific assessments.

Conceptualizing healthy cognitive aging: the role of time and variability.

The interest in healthy cognitive aging (HCA) has increased substantially over the past decade. Researchers are interested in exploring how health can be promoted and cognitive decline mitigated when pathology is not present. Identifying the necessary strategies is crucial as the gradual accumulation of small declines can lead to negative effects on quality of life over time.

Does cognitive aging follow an orchid and dandelion phenomenon?

Cognitive reserve reflects the brain's intrinsic adaptive capacity against the neurodegenerative effects of aging. The maintenance or enhancement of the brain's cognitive reserve plays a crucial role in mitigating the severity of pathologies associated with aging. A new movement, social prescribing, which focuses on prescribing lifestyle activities as a treatment for patients, is growing in popularity as a solution against aging pathologies.