Photoemission spectroscopy of organic molecules using plane wave/pseudopotential density functional theory and machine learning: A comprehensive and predictive computational protocol for isolated molecules, molecular aggregates, and organic thin films.

Photoemission measurements in the gas phase at low pressure have enabled the exploration of the intricate relationship between electronic and structural properties at the single-molecule level. Experimental data collected from isolated molecules, free from interactions with other species, have provided an ideal testing ground for developing ab initio simulations capable of interpreting and predicting photoemission spectra. In particular, accurate computational methods for determining atom- and site-specific core ionization binding energies (BEs) facilitate experimental data interpretation, enabling the assignment of contributions from non-equivalent atoms of the same species, even when spectral features remain unresolved due to molecular structure.

Alcohol versus combined alcohol and energy drinks consumption: Risk behaviors and consumption patterns among European students.

Introduction: Recent research found that drinking alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) could be riskier than drinking alcohol alone. Our aim was to compare rates of risk behaviors in consumers of AmED versus exclusive alcohol drinkers, matching them based on their drinking frequency.

Methods: Data about 16-year-old students who reported the number of occasions on which they had drunk AmED or alcohol only in the preceding 12 months (n = 32,848) were drawn from the 2019 ESPAD study.

Quantitative Assessment of High School Students' Poly-drug Use: Related Social Aspects and School Dropout.

Introduction: Poly-drug use has increased in recent decades, especially in young drugusing groups. Classic epidemiological indicators of drug use, such as prevalence and incidence of users of specific substances, are not adequate as measures of the possible harms of poly-drug use. We applied poly-drug use indicators, based on substance-specific harm scores reported by van Amsterdam and Nutt in 2015, to data from high school student surveys, showing their usefulness in identifying high-risk drug consumption.

Promote Community Engagement in Participatory Research for Improving Breast Cancer Prevention: The P.I.N.K. Study Framework.

Breast cancer (BC) has overtaken lung cancer as the most common cancer in the world and the projected incidence rates show a further increase. Early detection through population screening remains the cornerstone of BC control, but a progressive change from early diagnosis only-based to a personalized preventive and risk-reducing approach is widely debated. Risk-stratification models, which also include personal lifestyle risk factors, are under evaluation, although the documentation burden to gather population-based data is relevant and traditional data collection methods show some limitations.

E-cigarette use and conventional cigarette smoking among European students: findings from the 2019 ESPAD survey.

Background And Aims: Representative data on e-cigarette use among European adolescents are scant. This study reports current vaping and tobacco smoking individual and country-specific correlates among European students.

Design: Cross-sectional survey: 2019 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) collecting data on risk behaviours on a representative sample of 16-year-old students.

Violent Behaviours among Adolescents and Young Adults: Association with Psychoactive Substance Use and Parenting Styles.

This study extends existing research on the relationship between psychoactive substance use among young people and violent behaviour, by evaluating the possible effect of the modification of parenting in a nationally representative sample of 14,685 Italian students drawn from the 2019 wave of the ESPAD Italia survey (51% male; mean age about 17 years). Parental dimensions considered in the study were rule-setting, monitoring, and emotional support, as well as the possible absence of a parent. Relative risk ratios and binary logistic regressions were used to estimate the associations separately for adolescents (15-17) and young adults (18-19).

Problematic gaming risk among European adolescents: a cross-national evaluation of individual and socio-economic factors.

Background And Aims: Previous research has identified numerous risk and protective factors of adolescent problematic gaming (PG) at the individual and social levels; however, the influence of socio-economic indicators on PG is less known. This study aimed to measure the contribution of individual and socio-economic factors involved in PG risk among adolescents from 30 European countries.

Design: Multi-level logistic regression analysis of survey data from the 2019 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) cross-sectional study using self-administered anonymous questionnaires.

Paper-and-pencil versus computerized administration mode: Comparison of data quality and risk behavior prevalence estimates in the European school Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD).

Purpose: The aim of this experimental study was to investigate whether paper-and-pencil and computerized surveys administered in the school setting yield equivalent data quality indicators and risk behavior prevalence estimates.

Methods: Data were drawn from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD®) carried out in Italy to monitor drug, alcohol, tobacco use and other risk-behaviors among Italian high school students aged 15-19 years. A sub-sample of schools was recruited for the study (1673 pupils).

IGENDA protocol: gender differences in awareness, knowledge and perception of cardiovascular risk: an Italian multicenter study.

Aims: Recent reports evidenced gender differences in the knowledge, perception and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Despite the number of high-quality trials that attempted to establish the efficacy of different preventive interventions on CVDs, in the Italian scenario the differences by gender in awareness, knowledge and perception of CVD have not been addressed yet. So, the aims of this cross-sectional, observational and multicenter study will be to evaluate the gender differences in the awareness and perception of CVD risk, to assess the knowledge of CVD symptoms and preventive behaviors/barriers in men and women participating in this study, and to provide a national primary care approach for gender-oriented cardiovascular prevention strategies and therapy.

Updated Indicators to Evaluate Harmful Drug Use, in Particular, Poly-Drug Use.

Background: Drug use indicators that are capable of measuring the individual levels of harm following drug use, and in particular, poly-drug use, have previously been proposed, based on individual drug and frequency of use data and expert rankings of harms related to various substances. These indicators allow the estimation of risk profiles for selected groups of individuals and comparisons, both over time and between populations. Recent advances regarding the ranking of drug use harms allow a refinement of these indicators, separating the effects on self and others.

Italian Adolescent Gambling Behaviour: Psychometric Evaluation of the South Oaks Gambling Screen: Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA) among a sample of Italian students.

Since no Italian validated instrument focuses specifically on the measurement of pathological gambling in very young people, with this study, we aim to adapt an international instrument (SOGS-RA) and assess its psychometric properties in a sample (n = 14.910) of young Italian students aged between 15 and 19 years. Cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument was performed through translation, synthesis of translation, back-translation, expert committee review, and pre-testing.

An assessment of the psychometric properties of Italian version of CPGI.

The aim of this study was to adapt to the Italian context a very commonly used international instrument to detect problem gambling, the canadian problem gambling index (CPGI), and assess its psychometric properties. Cross-cultural adaptation of CPGI was performed in several steps and the questionnaire was administered as a survey among Italian general population (n = 5,292). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was 0.

Complex factors and behaviors in the gambling population of Italy.

Gambling has seen significant growth globally, and particularly in Italy: it has rapidly evolved from a simple recreational activity to represent 4% of Italian GDP in 2010.A sample of 4.494 gamblers was drawn from IPSAD-Italia(®)2007-2008 (Italian Population Survey on Alcohol and Drugs) in order to examine different gambling patterns (assessed using the Canadian Problem Gambling Index Short form scale).