Student-Driven Anatomy: A Practical Guide to Enhancing Learning through Extracurricular Dissection.

Many modern medical school curricula have deemphasized the study of anatomy, dedicating significantly less curricular time to student dissection of human bodies and relying instead on other resources, including digital anatomy softwares. Extracurricular student-led dissections allow learners to develop a deeper understanding of the human body, practice surgical skills, and explore clinical interests. We here provide learners and anatomy educators with practical strategies to organize and execute efficient student-led dissections.

Hypofractionated Palliative Radiotherapy for Relapsed and Refractory High-Risk Neuroblastoma.

While palliative radiotherapy (RT) is frequently used in the management of relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NBL); outcomes after palliative hypofractionated RT (hypo-RT) remain poorly characterized. : We conducted a multi-institutional retrospective study of 38 patients who were diagnosed with HR-NBL between 1997 and 2021 and received palliative RT. Conventional RT (conv-RT) and hypo-RT were defined as palliative treatment courses using dose ≤2 or >2 Gy per fraction, respectively.

3D-organoid culture supports differentiation of human CAR iPSCs into highly functional CAR T cells.

Unlimited generation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is an attractive approach for "off-the-shelf" CAR T cell immunotherapy. Approaches to efficiently differentiate iPSCs into canonical αβ T cell lineages, while maintaining CAR expression and functionality, however, have been challenging. We report that iPSCs reprogramed from CD62L naive and memory T cells followed by CD19-CAR engineering and 3D-organoid system differentiation confers products with conventional CD8αβ-positive CAR T cell characteristics.