Activation of Chemokine (C-C Motif) Receptor 1 Modulates α-Adrenoceptor and Arginine Vasopressin Receptor 1A Signaling and Function.

Background: We reported previously that α-AR (α-adrenoceptor) and AVPR1A (arginine vasopressin receptor 1A) heteromerize with CCR1 (C-C motif [chemokine] receptor 1) in human monocytes, through which CCR1 is controlled. Whether CCR1 affects α-AR and AVPR1A signaling and whether such complexes are detectable in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) is unknown.

Methods And Results: Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer suggested that the receptors can form hetero-oligomeric complexes.

The Chemokine (C-C Motif) Receptor 1 Antagonist BX471 Improves Fluid Resuscitation in Rat Models of Hemorrhagic Shock.

: We reported previously that antagonists at chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR3 have fluid-sparing effects during resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock. Because CCR1 shares several chemokine ligands with CCR2/3, we tested whether the CCR1 antagonist BX471 also reduces fluid requirements to maintain hemodynamics. : Sprague Dawley rats were hemorrhaged for 30 min, followed by fluid resuscitation to maintain blood pressure for 60 min (series 1) and 180 min (series 2).

Asymptomatic Subcutaneous Semaglutide Overdose: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) that is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Common adverse drug reactions (ADR) of semaglutide include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea, which are often dose-dependent in nature. Select ADRs that are less common, but may result in more significant concerns, include development of acute pancreatitis, gallbladder and biliary tract diseases, acute kidney injury, and ileus.

Limited knowledge of health risks along the illegal wild meat value chain in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area (NMA).

Consumption of and trade in wild meat could result in infectious pathogen spillover into human populations. Such spillovers could propagate into sustained outbreaks in major cities where human aggregations potentially catalyze their spread. A better understanding of how urban wild meat value chains operate could assist in mitigating spillover events.

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer).

The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a wild bovid with a historical distribution across much of sub-Saharan Africa. Genomic analysis can provide insights into the evolutionary history of the species, and the key selective pressures shaping populations, including assessment of population level differentiation, population fragmentation, and population genetic structure. In this study we generated the highest quality de novo genome assembly (2.

A report on pharmacists with the NCMP credential.

Objective: To characterize the demographics and practices of pharmacists with The North American Menopause Society Certified Menopause Practitioner (NCMP) credential.

Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was disseminated to pharmacists with the NCMP credential in June 2018. Twenty-four items were posed to respondents regarding demographics, educational background, and employment, in addition to perspectives regarding the utility of the credential in practice.

The Effects of Participation in a Transitions of Care Simulation on Pharmacy Students' Empathy.

To assess the effects of a transitions of care simulation on the empathy of pharmacy students. Pharmacy students volunteered to complete a four-hour transitions of care simulation. Students were "discharged" from a simulation hospital by trained actors posing as health care providers and provided with a discharge packet, prescriptions, bus route, and bus pass.

Whole-body edema with olanzapine: A case report and literature review.

Olanzapine is a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) that has been shown to promote disease remission in persons with treatment-resistant depression when used in combination with fluoxetine. However, tolerability of treatment augmentation with SGAs may be limited because of common adverse effects, such as weight gain, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated glucose. Data exist pertaining to rare localized edematous reactions or angioedema with use of SGAs, but diffuse whole-body edema has yet to be documented.

Antidepressant Target Dose Optimization and Control of Severe Asthma Exacerbations in Uninsured and Underinsured Patients with Anxiety and/or Depression.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are prevalent in patients with asthma. These disorders may increase asthma severity and decrease asthma control. No studies have evaluated the impact of achieving antidepressant target dose optimization compared with not achieving antidepressant target doses on asthma control in uninsured and underinsured patients.

Oxcarbazepine-Induced Cutaneous Reaction in a Female of Mexican Ancestry.

To report an oxcarbazepine (OXC)-induced cutaneous reaction in a female of Mexican ancestry. A 60-year-old female of Mexican ancestry presented to clinic with a diffuse morbilliform rash, with erythema and eruptions of papules/pustules concentrated on her neck and torso. The rash appeared 1 week following the initiation of OXC for trigeminal neuralgia.

Psychiatric Manifestations With Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Case Report.

Sacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor approved for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Valsartan is well studied, but sacubitril has much left to understand. This report describes a 31-year-old African American female diagnosed with HFrEF who presented with a 7-day history of psychiatric symptoms following a dose increase in sacubitril/valsartan.

Evaluation of Unit Equivalency of Insulin Glargine to Insulin Detemir in an Acute Care Setting.

Insulin glargine and insulin detemir are the most commonly prescribed basal insulins in the United States. While these analogs chemically differ, clinical trials have established no significant difference in efficacy. However, controversy remains as to whether the 2 agents are comparable with regard to unit equivalency.

Modelling the risk of Taenia solium exposure from pork produced in western Kenya.

The tapeworm Taenia solium is the parasite responsible for neurocysticercosis, a neglected tropical disease of public health importance, thought to cause approximately 1/3 of epilepsy cases across endemic regions. The consumption of undercooked infected pork perpetuates the parasite's life-cycle through the establishment of adult tapeworm infections in the community. Reducing the risk associated with pork consumption in the developing world is therefore a public health priority.

Working conditions and public health risks in slaughterhouses in western Kenya.

Background: Inadequate facilities and hygiene at slaughterhouses can result in contamination of meat and occupational hazards to workers. The objectives of this study were to assess current conditions in slaughterhouses in western Kenya and the knowledge, and practices of the slaughterhouse workers toward hygiene and sanitation.

Methods: Between February and October 2012 all consenting slaughterhouses in the study area were recruited.

Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya.

Objectives: Leptospirosis has been documented in slaughterhouse workers around the world. Risk factors include smoking and drinking at work, and performing tasks such as cleaning offal. This paper examined risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya.

The Sero-epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii in Humans and Cattle, Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study.

Evidence suggests that the intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii (which causes Q fever) is widespread, with a near global distribution. While there has been increasing attention to Q fever epidemiology in high-income settings, a recent systematic review highlighted significant gaps in our understanding of the prevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors for Q fever infection across Africa. This research aimed to provide a One Health assessment of Q fever epidemiology in parts of Western and Nyanza Provinces, Western Kenya, in cattle and humans.

Application of a framework for determining number of drugs.

Background: There are many different methodologies used in the literature for determining the number of drugs used by a patient, and many are incompletely described. This may be attributable to the lack of a framework to help investigators choose and describe their methods and the lack of evidence on the implications of the choice. The purpose of the study was to propose a framework and illustrate how that framework can be used to create and succinctly describe various approaches to counting the number of drugs used by patients and to examine the impact of varying individual components of the framework on the resulting drug count.

Correction: The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.

The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs.

Unlabelled: Taenia spp. infections, particularly cysticercosis, cause considerable health impacts in endemic countries. Despite previous evidence of spatial clustering in cysticercosis and the role of environmental factors (e.

Prevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs entering the food chain in western Kenya.

Three hundred forty-three pigs slaughtered and marketed in western Kenya were subjected to lingual examination and HP10 Ag-ELISA for the serological detection of Taenia solium antigen. When estimates were adjusted for the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic assays, prevalence of T. solium cysticercosis estimated by lingual exam and HP10 Ag-ELISA was between 34.

Increased statin prescribing does not lower pneumonia risk.

Background: Investigators have attributed protective effects of statins against pneumonia and other infections. However, these reports are based on observational data where treatments are not assigned randomly. We aimed to determine if the protective effects of statins against pneumonia are due to nonrandom treatment assignment.

The putative herpes simplex virus 1 chaperone protein UL32 modulates disulfide bond formation during infection.

Unlabelled: During DNA encapsidation, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) procapsids are converted to DNA-containing capsids by a process involving activation of the viral protease, expulsion of the scaffold proteins, and the uptake of viral DNA. Encapsidation requires six minor capsid proteins (UL6, UL15, UL17, UL25, UL28, and UL33) and one viral protein, UL32, not found to be associated with capsids. Although functions have been assigned to each of the minor capsid proteins, the role of UL32 in encapsidation has remained a mystery.

Field methods in medical record abstraction: assessing the properties of comparative effectiveness estimates.

Background: Comparative effectiveness studies using Medicare claims data are vulnerable to treatment selection biases and supplemental data from a sample of patients has been recommended for examining the magnitude of this bias. Previous research using nationwide Medicare claims data has typically relied on the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) for supplemental data. Because many important clinical variables for our specific research question are not available in the MCBS, we collected medical record data from a subsample of patients to assess the validity of assumptions and to aid in the interpretation of our estimates.