Textbook outcomes as a novel patient-centric metric to inform carotid revascularization.

Objective: The recent National Coverage Determination surrounding carotid stenting and shared decision-making has ushered in an era of patient-centric carotid care. However, historical carotid intervention endpoints have lacked patient-centered nuances to inform clinical decisions. Accordingly, we aimed to create a comprehensive novel, patient-centric textbook outcome (TO) to inform treatment paradigms.

Donor HLA-DQ reactive B cells clonally expand under chronic immunosuppression and include atypical CD21 CD27 B cells with high-avidity germline B-cell receptors.

Long-term allograft survival is limited by humoral-associated chronic allograft rejection, suggesting inadequate constraint of humoral alloimmunity by contemporary immunosuppression. Heterogeneity in alloreactive B cells and the incomplete definition of which B cells participate in chronic rejection in immunosuppressed transplant recipients limits our ability to develop effective therapies. Using a double-fluorochrome single-HLA tetramer approach combined with single-cell culture, we investigated the B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire characteristics, avidity, and phenotype of donor HLA-DQ reactive B cells in a transplant recipient with end-stage donor specific antibody (DSA)-associated cardiac allograft vasculopathy while receiving maintenance immunosuppression (tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone).

Association Between Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School-Entry Requirements and Vaccination Initiation.

Importance: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage is suboptimal in the US. The association between HPV vaccination requirements for school entry and HPV vaccination coverage remains to be studied.

Objective: To examine the association between HPV vaccination school-entry requirements and vaccination initiation in jurisdictions with such vaccination policies (ie, Virginia, the District of Columbia, and Rhode Island) compared with other regions of the US, as determined by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.

Excess Cancer Cases and Medical Costs Due to Suboptimal Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage in California.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage continues to be at low to moderate levels throughout the United States. HPV infection is linked to multiple types of cancers resulting in high economic and health burden. We aimed to estimate the excess number of cancer cases and associated medical costs due to current HPV vaccination coverage for a 20-year-old birth cohort in California.

Evaluation of the Bio-Rad Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test as an alternative to Western blot for confirmation of HIV infection.

Background: In the United States, a new HIV diagnostic algorithm has been proposed that uses an HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation immunoassay instead of Western blot or immunofluoresence for confirmatory testing.

Objectives: To evaluate the Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test (Multispot) as an alternative to Western blot analysis for confirmation of HIV infection.

Study Design: A series of 205 serum and plasma specimens positive for HIV-1 or HIV-2 were used to compare the performance of Multispot to a standard HIV-1 Western blot.