Lymphocytic choriomeningitis arenavirus requires cellular COPI and AP-4 complexes for efficient virion production.

Unlabelled: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a bisegmented negative-sense RNA virus classified within the family of the order. LCMV is associated with fatal disease in immunocompromized populations, and as the prototypical arenavirus, acts as a model for the many serious human pathogens within this group. Here, we examined the dependence of LCMV multiplication on cellular trafficking components using a recombinant LCMV expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein in conjunction with a curated siRNA library.

TMEM16A/ANO1 calcium-activated chloride channel as a novel target for the treatment of human respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Introduction: Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) globally and is one of the most fatal infectious diseases for infants in developing countries. Of those infected, 25%-40% aged ≤1 year develop severe lower RTIs leading to pneumonia and bronchiolitis, with ~10% requiring hospitalisation. Evidence also suggests that HRSV infection early in life is a major cause of adult asthma.

Chikungunya virus requires cellular chloride channels for efficient genome replication.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging, pathogenic alphavirus that is transmitted to humans by Aedes spp. mosquitoes-causing fever and debilitating joint pain, with frequent long-term health implications and high morbidity. The CHIKV lifecycle is poorly understood and specific antiviral therapeutics or vaccines are lacking.

The Structure of the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus M2-1 Protein Bound to the Interaction Domain of the Phosphoprotein P Defines the Orientation of the Complex.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a negative-stranded RNA virus that causes a globally prevalent respiratory infection, which can cause life-threatening illness, particularly in the young, elderly, and immunocompromised. HRSV multiplication depends on replication and transcription of the HRSV genes by the virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). For replication, this complex comprises the phosphoprotein (P) and the large protein (L), whereas for transcription, the M2-1 protein is also required.