Publications by authors named "Eleanor A Lyons"
Rotavirus vaccines are less effective in high mortality regions. A rotavirus vaccine administered at birth may overcome challenges to vaccine uptake posed by a complex gut microbiome. We investigated the association between the microbiome and vaccine responses following RV3-BB vaccine (G3P[6]) administered in a neonatal schedule (dose 1: 0-5 days), or infant schedule (dose 1: 6-8 weeks) in Indonesia (Phase 2b efficacy study) (n = 478 samples/193 infants) (ACTRN12612001282875) and in Malawi (Immunigenicity study) (n = 355 samples/186 infants) (NCT03483116).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh titres of rotavirus-specific maternal antibodies may contribute to lower rotavirus vaccine efficacy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). RV3-BB vaccine (G3P[6]) is based on a neonatal rotavirus strain that replicates well in the newborn gut in the presence of breast milk. This study investigated the association between maternal serum antibodies and vaccine response in infants administered the RV3-BB vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Out of 1,276 confirmed rotavirus cases, the dominant wildtype genotype was G12P[8] (28.2%), with other notable genotypes being G9P[4] and G2P[4] at 22.3% and 20.3%, respectively.
- * Geographic differences in outbreaks were noted, especially in Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales, alongside the identification of unusual genotypes that may have zoonotic links.
Background: Histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) status may affect vaccine efficacy due to rotavirus strains binding to HBGAs in a P genotype-dependent manner. This study aimed to determine if HBGA status affected vaccine take of the G3P[6] neonatal vaccine RV3-BB.
Methods: DNA was extracted from stool samples collected in a subset (n = 164) of the RV3-BB phase IIb trial in Indonesian infants.
Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program: Annual Report, 2021.
Commun Dis Intell (2018)
December 2022
Article Synopsis
- The Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program report covers rotavirus genotypes found in children and adults during 2021, highlighting 521 fecal specimens with 474 confirmed positive cases.
- Among the positive cases, 336 were wildtype strains, predominantly G8P[8], and two outbreaks in Australia were linked to this strain.
- The report notes a decrease in sample collection due to COVID-19 but a rise in unusual, potentially zoonotic genotypes, emphasizing the importance of continuous surveillance for understanding rotavirus patterns and ensuring accurate diagnostics.