Interventions Initiated Before and After Pregnancy for Women who Experience Severe Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affects up to 90% of women, while hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), a severe form of NVP, impacts quality of life, and ability to eat and drink normally, with reported recurrence rates up to 89% in subsequent pregnancies. Severe NVP has a profound impact on maternal physical and mental health, impairing daily functioning and quality of life, and is associated with anxiety and depression.

Aims: To conduct a scoping review to identify and characterise interventions initiated before and after pregnancy that aim to mitigate the impact and consequences of severe NVP on maternal health.

Maternal Well-Being and Child Appetitive Traits at 5 Years Old: Findings from the ROLO Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.

Maternal depression has been linked with increased risk of childhood obesity. Furthermore, maternal negative affectivity in early childhood has been associated with food fussiness. We explored the relationship between longitudinal maternal well-being mid-pregnancy, at 2 years and 5 years postpartum and children's appetitive traits at 5 years of age.

Dietary amino acids, macronutrients, vaginal birth, and breastfeeding are associated with the vaginal microbiome in early pregnancy.

Unlabelled: The vaginal microbiome is a key player in the etiology of spontaneous preterm birth. This study aimed to illustrate maternal environmental factors associated with vaginal microbiota composition and function in pregnancy. Women in healthy pregnancy had vaginal microbial sampling from the posterior vaginal fornix performed at 16 weeks gestation.

Associations of childhood physical activity and screen time with cardiometabolic health in preteens who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery: Findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: Macrosomia (birthweight ≥4 kg) may alter the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) throughout childhood with later cardiometabolic risk.

Objective: To investigate associations of PA and ST over a 4-6-year follow-up period with cardiometabolic outcomes in preteens (9-11-year-olds) who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery.

Methods: This is an analysis of 402 preteens from the ROLO study, who were born to mothers that previously delivered an infant with macrosomia.

Synergistic patient factors are driving recent increased pediatric urgent care demand.

Objectives: We aimed to use the high fidelity urgent care patient data to model the factors that have led to the increased demand at our local pediatric urgent care centre.

Methods: The dataset for this retrospective cohort study was obtained from our local healthcare centre's national reporting data for pediatric urgent care visits from 2006 to 2022. Variables analyzed included: basic patient demographics, chief complaint, triage urgency, date and time of registration/discharge, discharge diagnosis, and discharge destination.

Prenatal intention to human milk feed in the native Hawaiian population: predictors of any human milk feeding from birth to six months postpartum.

Background: Rates of non-communicable diseases are disproportionately high among Native Hawaiian (NH) people, and the proportion of NH infants being fed human milk (HM) is the lowest among all ethnicities within the state of Hawai'i. The aim of this study was to explore biological, socio-economic, and psychosocial determinants of the initiation and duration of human milk feeding (HMF) among a study of NH mothers and infants.

Methods: A sample of 85 NH mother-infant dyads who were participating in a larger prospective study were involved in this research.

The IRIS clinic: A Protocol for a mixed-methods study evaluating the management of Hyperemesis Gravidarum.

Background: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that affects 0.3-3% of women and has profound nutritional, physical and psychological consequences. Research is lacking regarding the most effective management of the condition.

Stability of child appetitive traits and association with diet quality at 5 years and 9-11 years old: Findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: We explored change in child appetitive traits from 5 to 9-11 years old and examined associations between appetitive traits at both timepoints and child diet quality.

Methods: This is secondary analyses of the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study, including mother-child dyads from the 5 and 9-11-year old follow-up. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire measured child appetitive traits, with 167 children having matched data for both timepoints.

Diet quality and blood pressure among pregnant women with overweight or obesity: A secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Maternal obesity is a significant risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. High diet quality may protect against this, yet data regarding the relationship between diet quality and blood pressure among pregnant women with raised body mass index (BMI) is limited.

Material And Methods: This is a secondary analysis (n = 543) of women with BMI ≥25 kg/m from two randomized controlled trials; PEARS (Pregnancy Exercise and nutrition Research Study with smartphone application support) and ROLO (Randomized cOntrol trial of LOw glycemic index diet to prevent macrosomia in euglycemic women).

Multicomponent perinatal breastfeeding support in women with BMI >25: The Latch On multi-centre randomised trial.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent breastfeeding support intervention on breastfeeding prevalence at 3 months among women with a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m.

Design: Multicentre multicomponent randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Four maternity centres in Ireland.

Women's experiences of Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) and of attending a dedicated multi-disciplinary hydration clinic.

Problem: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that affects 1-3 % of women and has profound nutritional, physical and psychological consequences. Previous research identified that women with HG report inadequate infrastructure for day case management.

Introduction: A multi-disciplinary HG day case service (IRIS Hydration Clinic) was launched and provides routine care for women with HG in a dedicated unit.

Cardiovascular fitness is associated with child adiposity at 5 years of age: findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: Cardiovascular fitness is strongly linked with metabolic risk; however, research is limited in preschool children. Although there is currently no simple validated measure of fitness in preschool children, heart rate recovery has been highlighted as an easily accessible and non-invasive predictor of cardiovascular risk in school-aged children and adolescents. We aimed to investigate whether heart rate recovery was associated with adiposity and blood pressure in 5-year-olds.

The far-reaching burden of Hyperemesis Gravidarum - an exploration of women's experiences and perceptions of healthcare support.

Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a rare condition of pregnancy that exerts a profound effect on a woman's physical and psychological health, but limited research regarding women's perceptions of healthcare for this condition exists. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the personal and healthcare experiences of women with HG. Eligible participants included women who had experienced HG in a current or recent pregnancy and were referred to the dietitian at the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Associations between maternal metabolic parameters during pregnancy and fetal and child growth trajectories from 20 weeks' gestation to 5 years of age: Secondary analysis from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association between maternal metabolic parameters in pregnancy and growth trajectories up to 5 years of age.

Methods: Data from mother-child pairs who participated in the ROLO study, a randomized trial examining the impact of a low glycaemic index diet on the recurrence of macrosomia, were analysed. Fetal and child growth trajectories were developed from longitudinal measurements from 20 weeks gestation up to 5 years of age.

Addressing the gaps in nutritional care before and during pregnancy.

The present paper outlines current issues in the nutritional care of women during pregnancy and potential resources to address them. Globally, overnutrition, undernutrition and nutritional imbalances are widespread among women of reproductive age; increasing the risk of pregnancy complications and non-communicable diseases in both mothers and their children. Most women do not meet dietary guidelines for pregnancy.

Ecological factors and childhood eating behaviours at 5 years of age: findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study.

Background: Individual differences in children eating behaviours have been linked with childhood overweight and obesity. The determinants of childhood eating behaviours are influenced by a complex combination of hereditary and ecological factors. This study examines if key ecological predictors of childhood overweight; maternal socio-economic status (SES), children's screen time, and childcare arrangements, are associated with eating behaviours in children aged 5-years-old.

Exploring Successful Breastfeeding Behaviors Among Women Who Have High Body Mass Indices.

Background: Women with high body mass indices are at risk of lower breastfeeding rates but the drivers of successful breastfeeding in this population are unclear.

Research Aim: We aimed to (a) explore the barriers and enablers to breastfeeding among women with high body mass indices and (b) map specific behaviors suitable for intervention across the antenatal to postpartum periods.

Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional qualitative study.

Latch On: A protocol for a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial of perinatal support to improve breastfeeding outcomes in women with a raised BMI.

Introduction: Breastfeeding is associated with improved maternal and child outcomes. Women with a higher body mass index (BMI), who comprise about 50% of the population, are at increased risk of poorer breastfeeding practices and are a population who would benefit from breastfeeding.

Methods: This protocol is for a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial of perinatal breastfeeding support among primiparous women with a BMI >25 kg/m, using a previously-tested, multi-component intervention.

The association of a low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy with child body composition at 5 years of age: A secondary analysis of the ROLO study.

Introduction: Childhood obesity remains a significant global health concern. Early intervention through maternal diet during pregnancy represents a possible mode of improving childhood adiposity.

Aim: To examine the impact of a low glycaemic index diet during pregnancy on offspring anthropometry at 5 years of age.

The consumption of low-calorie sweetener containing foods during pregnancy: results from the ROLO study.

Background/objectives: Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) are advised to adapt a low glycaemic index (GI) diet, which may impact consumption of low-calorie sweeteners (LCS). LCS are increasingly popular as they add sweetness without contributing calories. This study aims to investigate the reported intakes of LCS-containing foods in women during pregnancy.

Acceptability of the Pregnancy, Exercise, and Nutrition Research Study With Smartphone App Support (PEARS) and the Use of Mobile Health in a Mixed Lifestyle Intervention by Pregnant Obese and Overweight Women: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Dietary interventions can improve pregnancy outcomes among women with increased BMI. Although the interest in mobile health interventions is growing, little is known about the acceptability of smartphone apps to support lifestyle interventions in such a cohort.

Objective: We aimed to assess the acceptability of the pregnancy, exercise, and nutrition research study with smartphone app support (PEARS) and the use of mobile health in a mixed lifestyle intervention delivered to overweight and obese pregnant women.

Epigenetic Patterns in Five-Year-Old Children Exposed to a Low Glycemic Index Dietary Intervention during Pregnancy: Results from the ROLO Kids Study.

A range of in utero and early-life factors can influence offspring epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation patterns. This study aimed to investigate the influence of a dietary intervention and factors in pregnancy on offspring epigenetic profile at five years of age. We also explored associations between body composition and methylation profile in a cross-sectional analysis.