Artificial intelligence in echocardiography: current applications and future perspectives.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the field of echocardiography. By leveraging machine learning, particularly deep learning, AI enhances image acquisition, interpretation, and diagnostic accuracy. It addresses long-standing limitations of echocardiography, such as operator dependency and inter-observer variability.

Low Arterial Stiffness by Pulse Wave Analysis and Aortic Diseases.

Background: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is an important marker of arterial stiffness, providing a blood pressure-independent assessment of vascular function. However, the clinical significance of low CAVI values remains unclear. Some connective tissue diseases are associated with aortic diseases due to intrinsic arterial wall abnormalities and may exhibit low CAVI values.

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes and Preserved Insulin Secretion on Empagliflozin.

As the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors has become widespread, euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA), a rare but notable complication associated with SGLT2 inhibitor use, is gaining attention, although the underlying mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated EDKA remain unclear. This report describes the case of a 77-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus on an SGLT2 inhibitor who developed EDKA just after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention following acute myocardial infarction, with only one day of fasting, despite sufficient insulin secretion. Our case report provides valuable insights into the mechanism and management of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated EDKA in urgent clinical settings.

An evidence-based tool for screening for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in primary care: The BREATH score.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains underdiagnosed in primary care settings, where echocardiography is not available. This study aimed to develop and validate a scoring system that does not include echocardiographic variables for HFpEF screening among patients with shortness of breath.

Methods: A total of 622 consecutive patients referred for exercise stress echocardiography were evaluated (283 HFpEF and 339 controls).

Artificial Intelligence in Clinics: Enhancing Cardiology Practice.

In recent years, every aspect of the society has rapidly transformed because of the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. AI excels not only in image and voice recognition and analysis but also in achieving near-natural conversations through the development of large language models. These technological innovations are steadily being integrated into healthcare settings and can significantly change the way physicians work in clinics in the near future.

Chronic inflammation of the skin can be induced in IgE transgenic mice by means of a single challenge of multivalent antigen.

Background: It is now widely accepted that IgE mediates immediate-type allergic response. However, the pathologic role of IgE is controversial in the chronic allergic inflammation observed in atopic diseases, such as asthma and atopic dermatitis.

Objective: We investigated the role of IgE in cutaneous allergic reactions by using 2 newly developed lines of antigen-specific IgE transgenic mice.