Epilepsy in Children with Myelomeningocele: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study and Review of the Literature.

Aim: To examine the prevalence of epilepsy and other associated cortical abnormalities in patients with Myelomeningocele (MMC), and to present our findings along with a review of the literature.

Material And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted with MMC patients followed in our pediatric neurology outpatient clinic between 2015 and 2020.

Results: The study included a total of 23 patients ranging in age from 7 months to 19 years with a median follow-up period of 36 months.

Electrophysiological and clinical markers of SUDEP risk in pediatric epilepsy.

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of epilepsy-related mortality, especially in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. However, pediatric data remain limited, and specific risk assessment tools for children are lacking. This study evaluates the association between peri-ictal prone positioning, postictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES), and SUDEP-7 Inventory scores in pediatric patients with epilepsy.

High Succinate peak in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Diagnostic Clue for the Leukoencephalopathy Result from Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiencies.

The Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme is known as Complex-II in the electron transport chain. This study reports the clinical and molecular investigations of three pediatric patients (two of whom are siblings), with histochemical and biochemical evidence of a severe, isolated complex II deficiency due to SDH gene mutations. The patients presented with severe hypotonia, developmental delay, spasticity, macrocephaly, and megalencephaly.

Evaluation of lateralization and localization value of hand postures in Pediatric Epilepsy.

Introduction: Identifying epileptogenic zone is essential for selecting patients for epilepsy surgery and understanding seizure pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the role of ictal hand postures in localization and lateralization value in children.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of 628 individuals utilizing long-term video EEG recordings of Gazi University Video EEG Monitoring Unit (VEMU) between 2013 and 2022.

What is the impact of etiology, lead time to treatment, and parental awareness on outcomes in infantile epileptic spasm syndrome?

Objective: Infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS) is a kind of developmental epileptic encephalopathy that can lead to severe outcomes, including drug-resistant epilepsy and impaired neurodevelopment. The underlying etiology, early diagnosis, and adequate treatment impact the outcome. Our study focused on examining the factors that influence the prognosis and the level of knowledge among families regarding IESS.

Cerebellar Hypoplasia and Treatment Course of a Two-Month-Old Infant With KCNQ2 Epileptic Encephalopathy Due to a De Novo Variant and Review of the Literature.

In this paper, we report the treatment course, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalography (EEG) findings of a two-month-old girl with KCNQ2 epileptic encephalopathy caused by a de novo variant. The patient started having seizures 2 days postnatally. Despite treatment with phenobarbital, phenytoin, levetiracetam, topiramate, clonazepam, vigabatrin, clobazam, and pyridoxine, she continued to have 10 or more seizures per day.

Sleep Spindle Alterations in Children With Migraine.

Background: The modulation of thalamocortical activity is the most important site of several levels of interference between sleep spindles and migraine. Thalamocortical circuits are responsible for the electrophysiological phenomenon of sleep spindles. Spindle alterations may be used as a beneficial marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of children with migraine.

A Multicenter Study of Self-Limited Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: Effectiveness of Antiseizure Medication With Respect to Spike-Wave Index.

Background: There is no certain validated electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters for outcome prediction in children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. To assess the effectiveness of antiseizure medication (ASM) for seizure outcome with respect to the spike-wave index (SWI) on serial EEG recordings.

Methods: In this multicenter study, the study cohort consisted of 604 children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes.

Youtube as a source of information vagal nerve stimulation: A quality analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of available information on Youtube videos about VNS as a "source of health information" for patients with drug resistant epilepsy.

Methods: Youtube videos were searched and screened using the terms "VNS for seizures," and "VNS surgery," "VNS epilepsy" in May 2023. The quality of the videos was evaluated the Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN) and Global Quality Scale (GQS).

Retracted: Clinical and genetic evaluations of rare childhood epilepsies in Turkey's national cohort.

Aycan Ünalp, Yiğithan Güzin, Bülent Ünay, Ayşe Tosun, Dilek Çavuşoğlu, Hande Gazeteci Tekin, Semra Hız Kurul, Ebru Arhan, Selvinaz Edizer, Gülten Öztürk, Uluç Yiş, Ünsal Yılmaz, Turkish Rare Epilepsies Study Group, Clinical and genetic evaluations of rare childhood epilepsies in Turkey's national cohort, Epileptic Disorders, 2023, (https://doi.org/10.1002/epd2.

Electroencephalogram abnormalities in children have rotated error on block design performance: An university hospital child and adolescent psychiatry clinic sample.

Objective: Neuropsychiatric assessment is essential part of child and adolescent psychiatry clinic practice, also provides important information about central nervous system dysfunctions. In studies conducted to date, it has been known that both the high frequency of psychiatric comorbidity in epileptic patients and that epilepsy comorbidity is quite common in neurodevelopmental disorders. In fact, considering the high comorbidity of epileptic abnormalities and psychiatric disorders, it has been very important to determine predictors for epileptic abnormalities in a clinical sample of child and adolescent psychiatry.

Interobserver reliability of a recently proposed semiological classification in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in children.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the semiological features of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES) in children and to evaluate interobserver reliability (IR) of two different classifications. to identify the sources of any variance in agreement and to estimate the IR of the classification systems METHODS: Semiological features of 137 pediatric patients with PNES with and without epilepsy were analyzed. Two different, blinded observers evaluated these semiological features according to A.

New Electrographic Marker? Evaluation of Sleep Spindles in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common developmental disorders in childhood which lasts lifelong. Sleep structure and sleep spindle features are disorganized in ADHD. In this study, we aimed to look for a new, simple, inexpensive, and an easily detectable electrographic marker in the diagnosis of ADHD by using electroencephalography (EEG).

Ketogenic diet therapy map of Turkey.

Background: Although the ketogenic diet (KD) is a well-established non-pharmacologic treatment for intractable epilepsy in pediatric patients, it is still perceived as theoretical information contained within textbooks rather than implementation in daily clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to primarily determine KD implementation frequency in daily clinical practice, the number of pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy, the conditions that hindered or facilitated KD implementation, and to provide a roadmap to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: A total of 27 pediatric neurologists, who were experienced in intractable epileptic pediatric patients and the implementation of KDs, responded to a 24-question survey.

The PURPLE N study: objective and perceived nutritional status in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.

Purpose: To obtain information on characteristics, management, current objective nutritional status and perception of nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) from healthcare professionals (HCPs) and caregivers.

Materials And Methods: A detailed survey of several items on eight main topics (general characteristics, motor function, comorbidities, therapies, anthropometry, feeding mode and problems and perceived nutritional status) was developed and tested for the study. Correlation between nutritional status and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels was assessed using continuous variables (Z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age), and categorical variables (being malnourished, stunted, or wasted).

Evaluation of immunization status in patients with cerebral palsy: a multicenter CP-VACC study.

Children with chronic neurological diseases, including cerebral palsy (CP), are especially susceptible to vaccine-preventable infections and face an increased risk of severe respiratory infections and decompensation of their disease. This study aims to examine age-appropriate immunization status and related factors in the CP population of our country. This cross-sectional prospective multicentered survey study included 18 pediatric neurology clinics around Turkey, wherein outpatient children with CP were included in the study.

Anaphylaxis to levetiracetam in an adolescent: a very rare occurence.

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are among the most common causes of severe delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms(DRESS) in children. These reactions are more commonly seen with aromatic AEDs such as phenytoin and carbamazepine than the non-aromatic or new generation AEDs. However immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria/angioedema, anaphylaxis are very rare with AEDs.

Congenital defects of glycosylation: Novel presentations with mainly neurological involvement and variable dysmorphic features.

The pathophysiology of congenital defects of glycosylation (CDG) is complex and the diagnosis has been a challenge because of the overlapping clinical signs and symptoms as well as a large number of disorders. Isoelectric focusing of transferrin has been used as a screening method but has limitations. Individual enzyme or molecular genetic tests have been difficult to perform.

Evaluation of state and trait anxiety levels of parents and children before electroencephalography procedures: A prospective study from a tertiary epilepsy center.

Background: Inadequate or misinformation about electroencephalography (EEG) and epilepsy may lead to anxiety in children and their parents. The purpose of this study was to make a simultaneous evaluation of the anxiety levels of children and parents before EEG procedures and to make a brief assessment of their knowledge about EEG.

Methods And Materials: Children aged between 8 and 18 years who were referred for EEG tests at Department of Pediatric Neurology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey and their parents were included in the study, prospectively.

How do children with drug-resistant epilepsy sleep? A clinical and video-PSG study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess sleep architecture and sleep problems among three homogenous groups of children including children with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, children with newly diagnosed, drug-naïve focal epilepsy, and healthy children using overnight video-polysomnography (V-PSG) and a sleep questionnaire.

Methods: We compared sleep architecture among 44 children with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, 41 children with newly diagnosed, drug naïve focal epilepsy, and 36 healthy children. All children underwent an overnight V-PSG recording, and their parents completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).

Magnetic resonance imaging patterns of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis may mimic metabolic disorders: clinical, electroencephalographic and imaging features of six cases.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a rare, devastating neurodegenerative encephalitis whose diagnosis and therapy are still in question. Atypical clinical presentation and heterogeneity of neuroimaging findings that have been initially confused with metabolic disorders have hampered early diagnosis. To describe a series of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis with imaging findings mimicking metabolic disorders.