Forensic Entomology in Criminal Investigations: Advances in Insect-Mediated Postmortem Interval Estimation, Species Identification, and Environmental Influences.

Forensic entomology is a crucial discipline in forensic investigations, primarily used for postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, species identification, and crime scene reconstruction. Recent advancements in molecular techniques, computational models, and climate-adaptive forensic entomology have enhanced the field's forensic applications. However, challenges related to methodological standardization, environmental variability, and legal admissibility persist.

Ecotoxicological Implications of Environmental Contaminants on Disease Vectors: Challenges in Risk Assessment and Strategies for Integrated Vector Management.

Environmental contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial pollutants exert profound effects on the biology, behavior, and ecology of disease vectors, especially Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. These effects complicate control strategies and enhance the risk of insecticide resistance, thereby influencing the transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on how pollutants alter vector development, survival, reproduction, and host-seeking behaviors, often in synergy with insecticide exposure.

Innovative approaches to vector control: integrating genomic, biological, and chemical strategies.

Introduction: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) remain a significant global public health challenge, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries. Traditional vector control methods, particularly chemical insecticides, face increasing limitations due to the rapid evolution of resistance and environmental concerns.

Materials And Methods: This review explores recent advancements in vector control, focusing on the integration of genomic, biological, and chemical strategies as innovative solutions to address these challenges.

and dengue: insights into transmission dynamics and viral lifecycle.

Dengue virus (DENV) remains a pressing global health challenge, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biological, environmental, and molecular factors influencing DENV transmission, drawing upon 120 peer-reviewed studies. The narrative analysis highlights the mosquito’s vector competence, shaped by genetic variability, midgut barriers, and immune responses.

High-fat diet may increase the risk of insulin resistance by inducing dysbiosis.

High-fat diet (HFD) poses various health risks, such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), fatty liver, gut microbiota dysbiosis, cognitive impairment, inflammation, and oxidative stress. HFD can alter gastrointestinal function and structure, resulting in changes of the intestinal mucosa, gastric secretions, intestinal connective tissue, intestinal motility, intestinal metabolomics profiles, and intestinal microbiota. The intestine and its microbiota process nutrients and produce molecules that can regulate insulin action and secretion.

ZnO Nanoparticles Normalize Pancreas Function via the GLP-1 and Oxidative Stress Pathways in Diabetic Rats.

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and pathophysiological alterations of the pancreas in diabetic rats. Nanoparticle was synthesized and its characterizations were determined. We evaluate the toxicity and useful dosage of the ZnO NPs in Wistar male rats.

Potential of Entomopathogenic Fungi for the Biocontrol of Tick Populations.

Ticks are significant vectors of various pathogens affecting humans and livestock, necessitating effective control strategies. The widespread use of chemical acaricides has led to resistance development and environmental concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), particularly and , have emerged as promising biocontrol agents due to their pathogenicity against arthropods.

Prevalence of Chikungunya, Dengue, and West Nile arboviruses in Iran based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Arboviruses, including Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and West Nile (WNV) viruses, are significant viral threats that affect numerous people globally each year. This report explores the prevalence of these viruses in Iran through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: The present survey was performed using a systematic review and meta-analysis method on the seroprevalence of WNV, CHIKV, and DENV using the ELISA test.

Vector-Borne mites of medical and veterinary importance: biology, ecology, and control strategies.

Background: Mites, encompassing medically and veterinary important species, are significant vectors of various pathogens, thereby presenting substantial challenges to public health and agriculture. Understanding their biology and control is critical for managing associated health risks and economic burdens.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive review of the biology, ecology, and control strategies of mites, with particular emphasis on their role in disease transmission and current challenges in their management.

A Perspective on Human Leishmaniasis and Novel Therapeutic Methods for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania parasites and transmitted by sandflies, is a major health issue in endemic regions. It presents as cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis, with significant socioeconomic impacts. Effective diagnosis, treatment and prevention remain limited.

Investigation of the dengue arbovirus in the cities of Bushehr Province through human blood sampling.

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus and spread mainly by Aedes mosquitoes, is a significant public health concern in tropical regions. Bushehr Province in southern Iran, with its conducive climate for mosquito breeding, shows limited data on dengue incidence, prompting this study. Researchers conducted a study across ten cities in Bushehr, collecting blood samples from 180 participants to detect dengue-specific antibodies through ELISA testing.

Investigating the role of vitamin D in the prevention and control of dengue virus vectors and related diseases: a systematic review study.

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV) and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitos, remains a global health concern with no definitive treatment. Given the challenges in vaccine development and disease management, micronutrients such as vitamin D have emerged as potential adjunctive therapies because of their immunomodulatory properties. The effectiveness of vitamin D in the prevention and control of dengue fever was assessed in this systematic review by evaluating vitamin D's impact on immune responses, viral replication, and clinical outcomes.

Effects of cerium oxide nanoparticle on liver oxidative stress and morphological changes in opium withdrawal rats.

Since oxidative stress increased during opioid withdrawal, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONP) on oxidative stress markers in rat livers. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, including 1: control rats, 2: withdrawal group, and 3: withdrawal rats received CeONP. Opium administration was administered for 30 days.

Effects of opium on hippocampal-dependent memory, antioxidant enzyme levels, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes of rat hippocampus.

Background: Opium addiction can affect various organs such as the liver, intestine, kidney, and brain. The hippocampus is one of the brain regions affected early on in Alzheimer's disease and has a vital role in neurogenesis, cognitive function, and memory. This region also is sensitive to oxidative stress and pathophysiological alterations.

Effects of opium on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed normal and high-fat/high-cholesterol diet.

There is a misconception that opium can lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the influences of opium on the expression of key cholesterol metabolism genes in the liver and intestine of rats receiving a cholesterol-rich diet. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6): normal control, opium addiction, hypercholesterolemic diet, and opium addiction received hypercholesterolemic diet.

The impact of climate change on Aedes aegypti distribution and dengue fever prevalence in semi-arid regions: A case study of Tehran Province, Iran.

Introduction: Climate change profoundly affects ecosystems and public health, particularly by altering the dynamics of vector-borne diseases. This study investigates the impact of climate change on the distribution and biological behavior of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and the prevalence of dengue fever in Tehran Province, a semi-arid region of Iran. Over the past two decades, the province has experienced significant climatic shifts, including a 7.

The impact of climate change on travel-related vector-borne diseases: A case study on dengue virus transmission.

Introduction: Climate change significantly affects global health, particularly through the increased transmission of vector-borne diseases like dengue fever. This study examines how climate change influences the geographical spread of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the main carriers of dengue, highlighting its implications for public health worldwide.

Materials And Methods: This study employed a comprehensive approach to evaluate the effect of climate change on dengue transmission dynamics.

Extensive surveillance of mosquitoes and molecular investigation of arboviruses in Central Iran.

Background: Arboviruses are one of the greatest threats to animal and public health. family is one of the most important vectors for the transmission of arboviruses in the world. According to the geographical, demographic, and climatic features of Qom city in Iran, it can be a suitable region for vectors and therefore transmission of arboviruses.

Investigation of protective effects of olanzapine on impaired learning and memory using behavioral tests in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Consequently, antioxidants may mitigate neurotoxicity induced by beta-amyloid (Aβ) and potentially reduce cell death. Previous research has demonstrated that olanzapine (OLZ) possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.

Assessing the role of medical entomology in general medicine education in Iran: expert perspectives and curriculum implications.

Introduction: The Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education in Iran has tried integrating the primary science curriculum with the clinical program. This means educational reform has been implemented in most medical schools in Iran. In the study of the medical entomology Discipline, prioritization of educational needs, and determination of appropriate solutions to improve the status of the entomology Discipline in the Faculty of Medicine and Health, the basis of experts' opinions were examined and analyzed.

Knockdown resistance (kdr)-associated organochlorine resistance in mosquito-borne diseases (): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: is the vector of a large number of pathogens in humans. Use of insecticides to deal with this vector is the most important way to controlling it. However, in recent decades, resistance to insecticides has been reported in this vector.

Knockdown resistance (kdr) associated organochlorine resistance in mosquito-borne diseases (Culex quinquefasciatus): Systematic study of reviews and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Culex quinquefasciatus is one of the most important carriers of human pathogens. Using the insecticides is one of the most important methods of combating this vector. But the genetic resistance created in Culex quinquefasciatus led to disruption in the fight against this pest.

Toxicity and Hepatoprotective Effects of ZnO Nanoparticles on Normal and High-Fat Diet-Fed Rat Livers: Mechanism of Action.

This experiment aimed to evaluate the beneficial and toxic properties of synthetic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the liver of normal and high-fat diet (HFD) fed-rats. The ZnO NPs were synthesized and, its characterizations were determined by different techniques. Effect of ZnO NP on cell viability, liver enzymes and lipid accumulation were measured in HepG2 cells after 24 h.

Organochlorine knockdown-resistance (kdr) association in housefly (): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although house flies () do not directly cause disease in humans, they transmit pathogens to them, which provide the basis for many diseases. The main way to deal with this insect is to use insecticides. Due to the resistance from insecticides, the fight against house flies has been hampered.