Neonatal striatal volume is associated with infant anhedonia.

Anhedonia is increasingly recognized as a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology. New evidence demonstrates that anhedonia is present in infancy and early childhood. Structural variability in striatal regions involved in reward processing and pleasure seeking is concurrently linked to anhedonia, yet few studies have examined whether striatal differences presage anhedonia, and none have examined prospective associations before middle childhood.

Working across religions, cultures, settings, and development: Protocol for wave 2 data collection with children and parents by the developing belief network.

The Developing Belief Network is a global research collaborative studying religious development in diverse social-cultural settings, with a focus on the intersection of cognitive mechanisms and cultural beliefs and practices in early and middle childhood. The current manuscript describes the study protocol for the network's second wave of data collection, which aims to further explore the development and diversity of religious cognition and behavior using a multi-time point approach. This protocol is designed to investigate three key research questions-how children represent and reason about religious and supernatural agents, how children represent and reason about religion as an aspect of social identity, and how religious and supernatural beliefs are transmitted within and between generations-via a set of eight tasks for children between the ages of 5 and 13 years and a survey completed by their parents/caregivers.

From Fat to Flame: How Adipose Tissue Stokes the Fires of Osteoarthritis.

Objective: To investigate the inflammatory profiles of adipose tissues from patients with osteoarthritis (OA), comparing the joint-associated adipose tissues, infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) and sub-synovial (SSAT)with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), and to explore adipose-joint cell crosstalk.

Design: RNA sequencing was performed on autologous IFP, SSAT, and SCAT from six patients. The adipose tissue secretome was profiled using targeted proteomics.

Exome sequencing in a Pakistani male infertility cohort: perspective on molecular diagnosis, genetic heterogeneity, and diagnostic yield.

Male infertility affects a significant number of couples worldwide, yet the precise causes and genetic mechanisms underlying this condition remain largely unknown. To investigate the monogenic causes of primary male infertility, we performed exome sequencing (ES) in a cohort of 100 unrelated Pakistani male patients with non-obstructive, non-syndromic primary infertility. ES identified potential causal variants in established infertility-associated genes in 17/100 patients, resulting in a diagnostic yield of 17%.

Effects of medium-chain fatty acid supplementation levels in early nursery diets on growth performance, fecal score, gut permeability, energy status, and apparent total tract digestibility of weaning pigs.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary medium-chain fatty acid () levels on growth performance, fecal score, gut permeability, energy status, and apparent total tract digestibility () of weaning pigs. At weaning, a total of 100 pigs [18.4 ± 1.