Development of text messages for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in persons with HIV.

Objective: Persons with HIV (PWH) have increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite this increased risk, perceived cardiovascular risk among PWH is low, and interventions that are known to be beneficial in the general population, such as statins, have low uptake in this population. We sought to develop a bank of text messages about (1) the association between HIV and CVD and (2) advice on reducing cardiovascular risk.

Use of an mHealth Ketogenic Diet App Intervention and User Behaviors Associated With Weight Loss in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets are a viable method to lose weight that have regained popularity in recent years. Technology in the form of mobile health (mHealth) apps allows for scalable and remote delivery of such dietary interventions and are increasingly being used by the general population without direct medical supervision. However, it is currently unknown which factors related to app use and user behavior are associated with successful weight loss.

Keyto app and device versus WW app on weight loss and metabolic risk in adults with overweight or obesity: A randomized trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a Mediterranean-style, ketogenic diet mobile health application (app) with breath acetone biofeedback is superior to a calorie-restricted, low-fat diet app in promoting weight loss.

Methods: Participants (n = 155) with overweight/obesity (mean [SD]: age 41 [11] years, BMI = 34 [5] kg/m , 71% female) were randomized to one of the interventions delivered entirely via app. Participants received a wireless scale and were instructed to take daily weight measurements.

Diet Quality and Visceral Adiposity among a Multiethnic Population of Young, Middle, and Older Aged Adults.

Background: Visceral adiposity, more so than overall adiposity, is associated with chronic disease and mortality. There has been, to our knowledge, little research exploring the association between diet quality and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) among a mulitethnic population aged 18-80 y.

Objective: The primary objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to examine the association between diet quality [Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores] and VAT among a multiethnic population of young, middle, and older aged adults in the United States.

Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity: The TREAT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The efficacy and safety of time-restricted eating have not been explored in large randomized clinical trials.

Objective: To determine the effect of 16:8-hour time-restricted eating on weight loss and metabolic risk markers.

Interventions: Participants were randomized such that the consistent meal timing (CMT) group was instructed to eat 3 structured meals per day, and the time-restricted eating (TRE) group was instructed to eat ad libitum from 12:00 pm until 8:00 pm and completely abstain from caloric intake from 8:00 pm until 12:00 pm the following day.

Comparing the Keyto App and Device with Weight Watchers' WW App for Weight Loss: Protocol for a Randomized Trial.

Background: Obesity and being overweight are major contributing factors for many diseases. Calorie restricted diets often fail to result in sustained long-term weight loss. Very low-carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diets have been suggested to have superior metabolic and weight loss effects.

Adipocyte JAK2 mediates growth hormone-induced hepatic insulin resistance.

For nearly 100 years, growth hormone (GH) has been known to affect insulin sensitivity and risk of diabetes. However, the tissue governing the effects of GH signaling on insulin and glucose homeostasis remains unknown. Excess GH reduces fat mass and insulin sensitivity.

Deficiency in perlecan/HSPG2 during bone development enhances osteogenesis and decreases quality of adult bone in mice.

Perlecan/HSPG2 (Pln) is a large heparan sulfate proteoglycan abundant in the extracellular matrix of cartilage and the lacunocanalicular space of adult bones. Although Pln function during cartilage development is critical, evidenced by deficiency disorders including Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome and dyssegmental dysplasia Silverman-Handmaker type, little is known about its function in development of bone shape and quality. The purpose of this study was to understand the contribution of Pln to bone geometric and mechanical properties.