First Confirmed Case of Zoonotic Transmission of RR-TB from a Dog to a Human, a Neglected Mode of Infection-Case Report and Review of the Literature.

mostly spreads from active tuberculosis (TB) patients to human contacts, although human-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission has been described. Here, we present a rare case of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) transmission from a companion dog to its owner, highlighting the zoonotic potential of the pathogen. Namely, a 37-year-old Croatian man was diagnosed with RR-TB, with whole-genome sequencing analysis revealing a close genetic link to the strain isolated from his dog, which had died of miliary TB six years earlier.

A Single-Run HPLC-MS Multiplex Assay for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Relevant First- and Second-Line Antibiotics in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.

The treatment of drug-resistant relies on complex antibiotic therapy. Inadequate antibiotic exposure can lead to treatment failure, acquired drug resistance, and an increased risk of adverse events. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can be used to optimize the antibiotic exposure.

Risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in Croatia.

Background: The incidence, geographical distribution and clinical relevance of different nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Croatia are well described. There are few data on the risk factors for developing NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in this setting.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on all Croatian residents with NTM isolated from respiratory samples in the period from 2006 to 2015 with follow-up to 2018.