Physiological and psychological responses to five-day fasting.

The objective of this study was to examine the variations in adipokines, myokines, inflammation indicators, glucose, insulin, and ketones in the body over a 5-day fasting period. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the underlying factors contributing to changes in body mass index (BMI) and fat mass. These factors included blood markers, participants' healthy lifestyle habits, emotional intelligence, personality traits, impulsivity, overall well-being, and subjective happiness.

Self-rated health habits, mental health, emotional intelligence, and impulsivity across the Baltic States.

Introduction: The study aims to compare physical activity, sleep, body mass index (BMI), subjective health, stress, depression, impulsivity, and emotional intelligence across the Baltic countries while identifying key health determinants.

Methods: We interviewed men and women (18-64 years) in Estonia ( = 1,503) Latvia ( = 1,563) and Lithuania ( = 2,358) via an online survey.

Results: Obesity is most common among individuals in EE, both males and females, while the highest rates of overweight are observed in EE females and LT males.

The best exercises from top 20 by health-related indicators.

Background: The study aimed to determine whether participation in professional sports, exercise in a sports/health center, or independent exercise (dependent variables) is associated with 11 health behavior-related indicators (independent variables) compared to having no exercise.

Methods: The survey involved 293 professional Lithuanian athletes, 2,120 who exercise independently or in a sports/health centre and perform at least one of the 20 most popular exercise types in Lithuania (hereafter referred to as "E-20"), and 3,400 who do not exercise. The participants were aged 18-74 years.

Beyond lifestyle, logic and empathy: subjective health, mood, emotional intelligence, and personality as keys to well-being for women and men.

In a study involving 831 women and 309 men aged 18 to 64, we sought to explore the key determinants influencing various components of well-being, including happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor/vitality. The determinants examined encompassed sociodemographic variables, health indicators, sedentary behaviors, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), sleep patterns, eating habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, mood indicators, personality traits, emotional intelligence, logical thinking, non-utilitarian decision-making, and adverse childhood experiences. Our findings indicate that happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor are most significantly affected by mood indicators-especially depression-emotional intelligence (particularly the ability to manage emotions), and overall subjective health.

Factors influencing students' happiness, vitality, and self-esteem.

Introduction: The happiness and well-being of individuals are among the most important components of life. However, there remains a lack of evidence regarding the relationships between students' happiness, vigor, and self-esteem on the one hand and various complex factors on the other hand.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 397 students from various Lithuanian universities.

Men and women choose moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviors with a "hot" mind rather than a "cold" one.

Background: The primary aim of our study is to explore how moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) in men and women (ages 18-74; 4545 females and 1824 males) are associated with age, education, psychological factors (cognitive reflection/"cold" mind, emotional intelligence (E), impulsivity, perceived stress), health behaviors (overeating, breakfast consumption, smoking, alcohol use), body mass index (BMI), and sleep duration.

Methods: The information was collected by means of an online survey ( https://docs.google.

Leisure-time physical activity improves happiness, health, and mood profile better than work-related physical activity.

Background: In an online survey of Lithuanian adults (n = 1140) aged 18 to 64 years, we sought to better understand the factors influencing the structure of physical activity (PA). We hypothesised that the PA paradox (i.e.

Mood profile in men and women of all ages is improved by leisure-time physical activity rather than work-related physical activity.

Background: The aim of our study was to determine how six mood indicators (vigour, fatigue, depression, anger, confusion, tension) depend on moderate to vigorous physical activity, walking time and sedentary time at work, after working hours and during leisure time, in men and women of different age groups.

Methods: A total of 1,140 individuals aged 18 to 64 years participated in the study. The participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional survey using a snowball sampling method.

The First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Strengthened the "Strong" and Weakened the "Weak" Ones.

The aim of this study was to explore how the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which contact communication was severely restricted, changed psychological health indicators, such as subjective assessment of health and depression, impulsivity, stress and emotional intelligence (EI) and how that depended on age, gender, physical activity (PA), sports specificity and body mass index (BMI).We surveyed 6369 before and 2392 people during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were aged 18-74 years.

What Types of Exercise Are Best for Emotional Intelligence and Logical Thinking?

The aim of our study was to determine whether EI and LT vs. intuitive thinking (CRT score) are related to participation in professional sports, independent exercise, and exercise at a gym/health center compared with no exercise. We selected 20 of the most popular types of exercise in Lithuania among respondents who exercise independently or at a gym/health center, and we ranked these types of exercise according to the participants' emotional intelligence and logical thinking.

Do Physical Activity, BMI, and Wellbeing Affect Logical Thinking?

We studied 6368 people (4544 women and 1824 men; aged 18-74 years). The research goal was to determine whether the Cognitive Reflection Test score (logical thinking compared with intuitive thinking) depends-and in what way it depends-on the healthy lifestyle components and emotional health-related components as well as age (18-74 years) and gender. We established that analytical vs.

Validation of a Lithuanian-Language Version of the Brunel Mood Scale: The BRUMS-LTU.

Mood can be considered as a diffuse and global emotional state, with both valence and arousal characteristics, that is not directed towards a specific object. Investigation of moods in specific language and cultural contexts relies on the availability of appropriately validated measures. The current study involved the translation and validation of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) from English into Lithuanian.

Physical Activity, Stress, Depression, Emotional Intelligence, Logical Thinking, and Overall Health in a Large Lithuanian from October 2019 to June 2020: Age and Gender Differences Adult Sample.

This study aimed to examine relationships and group differences among adult people's (aged 18-74) physical activity (PA), expression of stress, depression, emotional intelligence (EI), logical thinking (LT), and overall health assessment. Two hypotheses were formulated before the study. The first hypothesis is that overweight and obesity in young adults (18 to 34 years) females and males, in particular, should increase sharply and this should be associated with decreased PA, abruptly deteriorating subject health, increased stress, depression, and poorer emotion management and EI.

Did COVID-19 Pandemic Change People's Physical Activity Distribution, Eating, and Alcohol Consumption Habits as well as Body Mass Index?

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether COVID-19 had an impact on people's (aged 18-74) physical activity distribution, eating, and alcohol consumption habits as well as body mass index. We interviewed 6369 people (4545 women and 1824 men) in Lithuania before the COVID-19 pandemic started and 2392 during COVID-19 (1856 women and 536 men). They were aged 18-74 years.

High-volume intermittent maximal intensity isometric exercise caused great stress, although central motor fatigue did not occur.

To establish whether very high-volume, high-intensity isometric exercise causes stress to the body and how it affects peripheral and central fatigue. Nineteen physically active healthy male subjects (21.2 ± 1.

Effects of two nights of sleep deprivation on executive function and central and peripheral fatigue during maximal voluntary contraction lasting 60s.

PURPOSEː: The current study aimed at assessing the effect of a trial of two nights of sleep deprivation (SDT) on mood, sleepiness, motivation and cognitive and motor performance. METHODSː: Thirty-six healthy young and physically active adult men (17 in the control group and 19 in the SDT group) completed a 48-h control or 48-h SDT. For the SDT, participants did not sleep for 48 h.

One night of sleep deprivation impairs executive function but does not affect psychomotor or motor performance.

The current study assessed the impact of one night of sleep deprivation on cognitive, motor and psychomotor performance. Thirty healthy young adult male subjects completed a 24 h control or 24 h sleep deprived trial. For the control trial, participants (N = 15) were allowed normal night sleep (~8 h).

"Two sides of the same coin": constant motor learning speeds up, whereas variable motor learning stabilizes, speed-accuracy movements.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the time course of the trade-off between speed and accuracy, intraindividual variability, and movement transfer and retention (4 weeks after learning) of speed-accuracy tasks.

Methods: The participants in this study were healthy adults randomly divided into three groups (control versus constant versus variable). They were aged 19-24 years, and 30 (15 men and 15 women) were in each group.

Absence of differences in the learning rate of a speed-accuracy movement task between women patients with mild and major depression and healthy adult women.

This study tested the hypothesis that women patients with depression should perform movements more slowly and with greater variability, and their learning rate should be lower compared with age-matched healthy adult women. Three groups of adult women subjects (aged 33-37 years, women patients with mild and major depression and healthy adult women, n = 20 in each group) performed five series (20 repetitions in each series) of a speed-accuracy hand-movement task (SAT). The mean movement speed (V) of the SAT was lower and more stable (the coefficient of variation of V was lower) in women patients with major depression compared with those with minor depression and healthy adult women during the first series of the SAT.

What are the best isometric exercises of muscle potentiation?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to follow post-activation potentiation (PAP), low-frequency fatigue (LFF), metabolic-induced fatigue and post-contractile depression (PCD) in response to different isometric muscle contraction modalities.

Methods: Young healthy men (N = 120) were randomly assigned to one of ten exercise modality groups which differed in contraction duration (5-60 s), activation pattern (intermittent or continuous contractions), activation mode (voluntary or stimulated), and intensity [maximal or submaximal (50%)]. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and electrically induced knee extension torque were measured at baseline and at regular intervals for 60 min after exercise.

Children, Young Adults, and Older Adults Choose Different Fast Learning Strategies.

The aim of the study was to establish whether there were differences in speed-accuracy movement learning strategies between children, young adults, and older adults. A total of 30 boys, 30 young adult men, and 30 older men were seated in a special chair at a table with a Dynamic Parameter Analyzer 1. Participants had to perform a speed-accuracy task with the right-dominant hand.

Prefrontal Cortex Activity Predicts Mental Fatigue in Young and Elderly Men During a 2 h "Go/NoGo" Task.

Although the effects of mental fatigue on cognitive-motor function and psychological state in young adults are well-documented, its effects in the elderly are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of prolonged cognitive load on the indicators of psychological, cognitive, and motor functions. Fifteen young and 15 elderly men were asked to perform a 2 h "Go/NoGo" task.

Task-relevant cognitive and motor functions are prioritized during prolonged speed-accuracy motor task performance.

This study aimed to explore the effect of prolonged speed-accuracy motor task on the indicators of psychological, cognitive, psychomotor and motor function. Ten young men aged 21.1 ± 1.

Mechanisms of force depression caused by different types of physical exercise studied by direct electrical stimulation of human quadriceps muscle.

Purpose: Force production frequently remains depressed for several hours or even days after various types of strenuous physical exercise. We hypothesized that the pattern of force changes during the first hour after exercise can be used to reveal muscular mechanisms likely to underlie the decline in muscle performance during exercise as well as factors involved in the triggering the prolonged force depression after exercise.

Methods: Nine groups of recreationally active male volunteers performed one of the following types of exercise: single prolonged or repeated short maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs); single or repeated all-out cycling bouts; repeated drop jumps.