Association of Current and Long-Term Estradiol Use with Carotid Intima Media Thickness Among Transgender Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Epidemiologic studies suggest that the transgender population has a higher burden of cardiovascular (CV) disease. We aimed to assess CV risk and investigate the relationship between estradiol (E2) or ethinylestradiol (EE) use and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in transgender women.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis nested into a transgender-specific cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from August 2015 to February 2018.

Racial inequalities in the development of multimorbidity of chronic conditions: results from a Brazilian prospective cohort.

Background: The occurrence of multimorbidity and its impacts have differentially affected population subgroups. Evidence on its incidence has mainly come from high-income regions, with limited exploration of racial disparities. This study investigated the association between racial groups and the development of multimorbidity and chronic conditions in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Association of hypertension and insulin resistance in individuals free of diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil cohort.

Insulin resistance (IR) is defined as the subnormal response to insulin action on its target tissues. Studies suggest that IR may increase the risk of hypertension, but the results are inconsistent and it is not known whether such an effect is independent of overweight/obesity. We aimed to evaluate the association between IR and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in the Brazilian population and whether this association is independent of overweight/obesity.

Racial discrimination predicts the increase in body weight and BMI in Black individuals from ELSA-Brasil cohort.

We investigated whether racial discrimination accelerates the weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) gain in Blacks and Browns participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) in four years of follow-up. We compared body weight and BMI between the 1st (2008-2010) and 2nd visit (2012-2014) of 5,983 Blacks and Browns participants. Exposure to racial discrimination and covariates (age, sex, education, and research center) were obtained at the 1st visit.

Multimorbidity prevalence and patterns at the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: To identify multimorbidity patterns, by sex, according to sociodemographic and lifestyle in ELSA-Brasil.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 14,516 participants from ELSA-Brasil (2008-2010). Fuzzy c-means was used to identify multimorbidity patterns of 2+ chronic morbidities, where the consequent morbidity had to occur in at least 5% of all cases.

The effect modification of occupational social class in the association between sex and type 2 diabetes: results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

We evaluated data from 14,156 baseline participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) collected from 2008 to 2010, to analyze the effect modification of occupational social class on the association between sex and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. The crude and age-adjusted prevalence, according to sex and occupational social class, were estimated using generalized linear models with binomial distribution and logarithmic link function. This model was also used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR), adjusting for age group, race/skin color, and maternal education.

Racial Inequities in the Control of Hypertension and the Explanatory Role of Residential Segregation: a Decomposition Analysis in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

The mechanisms underlying racial inequities in uncontrolled hypertension have been limited to individual factors. We investigated racial inequities in uncontrolled hypertension and the explanatory role of economic segregation in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). All 3897 baseline participants with hypertension (2008-2010) were included.

Cross-cultural adaptation of discrimination and vigilance scales in ELSA-Brasil.

Objective: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation for the use in Brazil of the everyday discrimination scale (EDS) and the heightened vigilance scale (HVS) applied in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: Conceptual, item and semantic equivalence analyses were conducted by a group of four epidemiologists; evaluation of measurement equivalence (factorial analysis of configural, metric and scalar structures, according to sociodemographic characteristics) and reliability. A total of 11,987 participants responded to the discrimination scale, and a subsample of 260 people participated in the test-retest study.

Racial inequalities in multimorbidity: baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: Evidence of multimorbidity has come mainly from high-income regions, while disparities among racial groups have been less explored. This study examined racial differences in multimorbidity in the multiracial cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto), ELSA-Brasil.

Methods: The study examined baseline (2008-2010) data for 14 099 ELSA-Brasil participants who self-reported being white, mixed-race, or black.

Gender, work-family conflict, and weight gain: four-year follow-up of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

This study sought to analyze the effect of work-to-family conflict (demands from work that affect one's family/personal life), family-to-work conflict (demands from family/personal life that affect work), and lack of time for self-care and leisure due to professional and domestic demands on the incidence of weight gain and increase in waist circumference by gender in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Our study included 9,159 ELSA-Brasil participants (4,413 men and 4,746 women) who attended baseline (2008-2010) and the first follow-up visit (2012-2014). Weight gain and increase in waist circumference were defined as an annual increase ≥ 75th percentile, i.

The association between diabetes mellitus and incidence of depressive episodes is different based on sex: insights from ELSA-Brasil.

Objective: To investigate the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and incidence of depressive episodes among men and women.

Methods: Data were used from 12,730 participants (5866 men and 6864 women) at baseline (2008-2010) and follow-up 1 (2012-2014) of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a multicenter cohort of Brazilian civil servants. Participants were classified for diabetes using self-reported and clinical information, and evaluated for presence of depressive episodes by the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R).

Racial discrimination is associated with greater arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness: the ELSA-Brasil study.

Purpose: The association between racial discrimination and subclinical cardiovascular markers remains under-examined. We aimed to investigate the association of race/skin color and racial discrimination with pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) in the Brazilian context.

Methods: We used data from 13,284 participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline with information of PWV and 9850 for c-IMT.

Racial Differences in Blood Pressure Control from Users of Antihypertensive Monotherapy: Results from the ELSA-Brasil Study.

Background: It seems that the worst response to some classes of antihypertensive drugs, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, on the part of the Black population, would at least partially explain the worse control of hypertension among these individuals. However, most of the evidence comes from American studies.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between self-reported race/skin color and BP control in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), using different classes of antihypertensive drugs in monotherapy.

Is work-family conflict a pathway between job strain components and binge eating? A cross-sectional analysis from the ELSA-Brasil study.

Background: Job strain has been reported as a trigger for binge eating, yet the underlying mechanisms have been unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether work-family conflict is a pathway in the association between job strain and binge eating, considering the possible effect-modifying influence of body mass index (BMI).

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 12,084 active civil servants from the multicenter Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Racism and racial iniquities in poor self-rated health: the role of intergenerational social mobility in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Blacks and Browns have major health disadvantages, are less likely to rise in the social hierarchy throughout the course of life, and pertain to lower socioeconomic levels than Whites as a result of structural racism. However, little is known about the mediating role of intergenerational mobility in the association between race/skin color and health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between racism and self-rated health and to verify to what extent intergenerational social mobility mediates this association.

Social position and anthropometric status among adults in the ELSA-Brasil study: a latent class analysis.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between social position and anthropometric status in women and men Brazilian adult. This was a cross-sectional study that used baseline data collected from 2008 to 2010 for the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil, in Portuguese), in the six major Brazilian state capital cities. A total of 15,105 active and retired civil servants aged from 35 to 74 years.

Social Capital and Depressive Episodes: Gender Differences in the ELSA-Brasil Cohort.

The association between social capital and depression is a frequent research topic in developed countries, often with inconclusive results. Furthermore, for both social capital and depression, there are gender differences established in the literature. This study investigates gender differences in the association of social capital with the incidence and maintenance of depressive episodes.

Factors associated with body image dissatisfaction in adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the ELSA-Brasil Study.

The aim of this article is to assess the association between body image dissatisfaction and sociodemographic and health behaviors, according to sex. Data were analyzed for 6,289 women and 5,188 men (35-59 years), participants in the baseline of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), using multinomial regression. The odds of dissatisfaction due to feeling underweight were higher among in women with low schooling and those who only consumed fruit weekly.

Ultra-processed foods, changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To estimate changes in blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension associated with consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) by Brazilian civil servants at a 4-year follow-up.

Design: Longitudinal analysis of the ELSA-Brasil with non-hypertensive individuals at baseline. We applied the FFQ at the baseline and categorised energy intake by degree of processing, using the NOVA classification.

Life Course Socioeconomic Position, Intergenerational Social Mobility, and Hypertension Incidence in ELSA-Brasil.

Background: Life course epidemiology is a powerful framework to unravel the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) disparities in hypertension (HTN). This study investigated whether life course SEP is associated with HTN incidence. Specifically, to test whether cumulative low SEP throughout life and unfavorable intergenerational social mobility increased HTN incidence.

Racial inequality, racial discrimination and obesity incidence in adults from the ELSA-Brasil cohort.

Background: This study investigated whether self-reported race/skin colour and perceived racial discrimination predict higher obesity incidence after approximately 4-year follow-up of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). We also investigated whether these associations are modified by educational level.

Methods: Following exclusion of individuals defined as obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m) at baseline, associations between race/skin colour and obesity incidence between the first (2008-2010) and second (2012-2014) visits were investigated in 10 130 participants.

Factors Associated with Body Size Perception and Body Image (Dis)Satisfaction in the Elderly: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study.

The study aimed to assess the association between body image perception and (dis)satisfaction and sociodemographic and behavioral factors in the elderly, using multinomial logistic regression. Data were analyzed for 1686 women and 1499 men participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Men with less schooling and women with lower per capita income showed higher odds of underestimating their body size.

Sleep problems and their association with weight and waist gain - The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To evaluate the association of sleep problems with weight and waist size gain during four years of follow-up.

Methods: We investigated 13,030 participants (35-74 years) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a multicentric cohort conducted with civil servants from six academic institutions recruited between 2008 and 2010. Sleep problems were assessed at baseline by the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R), designed to detect common mental disorders based on somatic, depressive and anxiety symptoms.