Machine-learning-based prediction of respiratory flow and lung volume from real-time cardiac MRI using MR-compatible spirometry.

Background: Cardiac real-time MRI (RT-MRI) in combination with MR-compatible spirometry (MRcS) offers unique opportunities to study heart-lung interactions. In contrast to other techniques that monitor respiration during MRI, MRcS provides quantitative respiratory data. Though MRcS is well tolerated, shortening of the scanning time with MRcS would be desirable, especially in young and sick patients.

Real-Time MRI of the Chest Wall, Diaphragm, and Lungs in Children.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical applicability and diagnostic potential of real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) as a sedation-free, radiation-free imaging modality for assessing the chest wall, diaphragm, and lungs in children.

Methods: This video-based narrative review summarizes over four years of clinical experience with rtMRI in pediatric thoracic imaging. Real-time MRI achieves very high frame rates (up to 50 images per second), effectively minimizing motion artifacts.

A Descriptive Comparison of Oral Cavity Movements Between Brass Instrumentalists Performing Large Interval Slurs.

Objective: We have previously described patterns of oral cavity movement in advanced French horn players during the performance of large interval slurs. The current study expands upon that work by reporting comparisons between horn, trumpet, and trombone players performing similar large interval exercises.

Methods: Real-time MRI (RT-MRI) films at 20 msec resolution were simultaneously obtained in the sagittal and coronal planes in 10 trumpet players, 9 horn players, and 10 trombone players as they performed 2 repetitions each of slur sequences spanning 1 octave and 1 octave + 3rd (interval of a tenth) at a mezzo forte dynamic level.

As fast as an X-ray: real-time magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis in children and adolescents.

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is common in adolescence. Due to the rapid growth of the spine, it must be monitored closely with radiographs to ensure timely intervention when therapy is needed. As these radiographs continue into young adulthood, patients are repeatedly exposed to ionizing radiation.

Increased Musculoskeletal Deformities and Decreased Lung Volume in Patients After EA/Tef Repair: A Real-time MRI Study.

Objective: This study aims to assess morphologic and functional postoperative changes after open or minimally invasive (MIS) repair of esophageal atresia (EA) compared with healthy controls by thoracic real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Background: Musculoskeletal deformities and pulmonary morbidity are common in children after EA repair. The real-time MRI is a novel technique that provides ultrafast, high-quality images during spontaneous breathing, without sedation, even in young children.

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in two minutes: cross-sectional real-time coverage of multiple volumes.

This work describes a novel technique for rapid and motion-robust whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method employs highly undersampled radial fast low angle shot (FLASH) sequences to cover large volumes by cross-sectional real-time MRI with automatic slice advancement after each frame. The slice shift typically amounts to a fraction of the slice thickness (e.

Dynamic assessment of scapholunate ligament status by real-time magnetic resonance imaging: an exploratory clinical study.

Objective: Clinical-standard MRI is the imaging modality of choice for the wrist, yet limited to static evaluation, thereby potentially missing dynamic instability patterns. We aimed to investigate the clinical benefit of (dynamic) real-time MRI, complemented by automatic analysis, in patients with complete or partial scapholunate ligament (SLL) tears.

Material And Methods: Both wrists of ten patients with unilateral SLL tears (six partial, four complete tears) as diagnosed by clinical-standard MRI were imaged during continuous active radioulnar motion using a 1.

First experience with real-time magnetic resonance imaging-based investigation of respiratory influence on cardiac function in pediatric congenital heart disease patients with chronic right ventricular volume overload.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is often associated with chronic right ventricular (RV) volume overload. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the analysis of cardiac function during free breathing.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of respiration in pediatric patients with CHD and chronic RV volume overload.

Real-time MRI: a new tool of radiologic imaging in small children.

Unlabelled: Real-time MRI (rt-MRI) in children is a new imaging technique that combines the advantages of US - at frame rates of up to 50 images per second - with the quality and features of MRI. Although still subject of research, it has become a standard tool in the diagnostic portfolio of two pediatric radiology departments in Germany. Based on ultrashort acquisition times, any detrimental effects of macroscopic movements of the child and the physiological movements of the organs are negligible.

Movement patterns in tuba playing: comparison of an embouchure dystonia case with healthy professional tuba players using real-time MRI imaging.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal problems in professional brass musicians are very common and often involve the muscles of the embouchure. In rare cases, embouchure dystonia (EmD), a task-specific movement disorder with a wide symptomatic and phenotypic variability, occurs. Following trumpeters and horn players, professional tuba players with and without EmD have now been studied using the latest real-time MRI technology to better understand the underlying pathophysiology.

Maximum velocity projections within 30 seconds: a combination of real-time three-directional flow MRI and cross-sectional volume coverage.

This work is a proof-of-concept realization of a novel technique for rapid volumetric acquisition, reconstruction, and visualization of three-directional (3dir) flow velocities. The technique combines real-time 3dir phase-contrast (PC) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with real-time cross-sectional volume coverage. It offers a rapid examination without dependence on electrocardiography (ECG) or respiratory gating during a continuous image acquisition at up to 16 fps.

T1 mapping of the prostate using Single-Shot T1FLASH and MOLLI MRI Techniques: Comparison of artifact burden and image quality.

Purpose: To assess artifact burden and image quality of different MRI T1 mapping techniques of the prostate.

Methods: Participants with suspected prostate cancer (PCa) were prospectively enrolled from June-October 2022 and examined with multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI; 3 T scanner; T1wi, T2wi, DWI und DCE). T1 mapping was performed before and after administration of gadolinium-based contrast-agent (GBCA) using (i) a modified Look-Locker inversion (MOLLI) technique and (ii) a novel single-shot T1FLASH inversion recovery technique.

Comparison of EPI DWI and STEAM DWI in Early Postoperative MRI Controls After Resection of Tumors of the Central Nervous System.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is important for differentiating residual tumor and subacute infarctions in early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. In cases of pneumocephalus and especially in the presence of intraventricular trapped air, conventional echo-planar imaging (EPI) DWI is distorted by susceptibility artifacts. The performance and robustness of a newly developed DWI sequence using the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) was evaluated in patients after neurosurgical operations with early postoperative MRI.

T1 Mapping of the Prostate Using Single-Shot T1FLASH: A Clinical Feasibility Study to Optimize Prostate Cancer Assessment.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 mapping using T1FLASH for assessment of prostate lesions.

Methods: Participants with clinical suspicion for prostate cancer (PCa) were prospectively enrolled between October 2021 and April 2022 with multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) acquired on a 3 T scanner. In addition, T1 mapping was accomplished using a single-shot T1FLASH technique with inversion recovery, radial undersampling, and iterative reconstruction.

FLASHlight MRI in real time-a step towards Star Trek medicine.

This work describes a dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for local scanning of the human body with use of a handheld receive coil or coil array. Real-time MRI is based on highly undersampled radial gradient-echo sequences with joint reconstructions of serial images and coil sensitivity maps by regularized nonlinear inversion (NLINV). For this proof-of-concept study, a fixed slice position and field-of-view (FOV) were predefined from the operating console, while a local receive coil (array) is moved across the body-for the sake of simplicity by the subject itself.

Vowel height and velum position in German: Insights from a real-time magnetic resonance imaging study.

Velum position was analysed as a function of vowel height in German tense and lax vowels preceding a nasal or oral consonant. Findings from previous research suggest an interdependence between vowel height and the degree of velum lowering, with a higher velum during high vowels and a more lowered velum during low vowels. In the current study, data were presented from 33 native speakers of Standard German who were measured via non-invasive high quality real-time magnetic resonance imaging.

Brain deposition of gadobutrol in children-a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI T1 mapping study.

Objectives: Depositions of linear gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents are readily visible in T1-weighted MRIs of certain brain regions in both adults and children. Macrocyclic contrast agents such as gadobutrol have so far escaped detection by qualitative MRI in children. This study aimed to assess whether there is evidence for deposition of gadobutrol in children using quantitative T1 mapping.

Pectus excavatum in motion: dynamic evaluation using real-time MRI.

Objectives: The breathing phase for the determination of thoracic indices in patients with pectus excavatum is not standardized. The aim of this study was to identify the best period for reliable assessments of morphologic indices by dynamic observations of the chest wall using real-time MRI.

Methods: In this prospective study, patients with pectus excavatum underwent morphologic evaluation by real-time MRI at 3 T between January 2020 and June 2021.

Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Study Orthostatic Intolerance Mechanisms in Human Beings: Proof of Concept.

Background Discerning the mechanisms driving orthostatic symptoms in human beings remains challenging. Therefore, we developed a novel approach combining cardiac and cerebral real-time magnetic resonance imaging, beat-to-beat physiological monitoring, and orthostatic stress testing through lower-body negative pressure (LBNP). We conducted a proof-of-concept study in a patient with severe orthostatic hypotension.

Chest examinations in children with real-time magnetic resonance imaging: first clinical experience.

Background: Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on a fast low-angle shot technique 2.0 (FLASH 2.0) is highly effective against artifacts caused due to the bulk and pulmonary and cardiac motions of the patient.

Oral Cavity Movements of the Tongue During Large Interval Slurs in High-Level Horn Players: A Descriptive Study.

Objective: Recent publications describing lingual movement strategies within the oral cavity of brass players have established the existence of efficient and predictable movement patterns in healthy performers for a variety of performance tasks. In this study we extend the research to include the playing of large interval slurs in horn players.

Methods: Real-time MRI films at 40-msec resolution were simultaneously obtained in the sagittal and coronal planes in 9 professional horn players as they performed 2 repetitions each of 3 slur sequences spanning 1 octave, 1 octave + 3rd, and 1 octave + 5th at a mezzo forte dynamic level.

STEAM-DWI as a robust alternative to EPI-DWI: Evaluation in pediatric brain MRI.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an essential element of almost every brain MRI examination. The most widely applied DWI technique, a single-shot echo-planar imaging DWI (EPI-DWI) sequence, suffers from a high sensitivity to magnetic field inhomogeneities. As an alternative, a single-shot stimulated echo acquisition mode diffusion-weighted MRI (STEAM-DWI) has recently been re-introduced after it became significantly faster.

First clinical application of a novel T1 mapping of the whole brain.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and clinical value of the novel single-shot T1 mapping method for rapid and accurate multi-slice coverage of the whole brain, described by Wang et al. 2015.

Methods: At a field strength of 3 Tesla, T1 mappings of 139 patients (51 of them without pathologic findings) and two repeats of five volunteers were performed at 0.

Comparison of cardiac volumetry using real-time MRI during free-breathing with standard cine MRI during breath-hold in children.

Background: Cardiac real-time magnetic resonance imaging (RT-MRI) provides high-quality images even during free-breathing. Difficulties in post-processing impede its use in clinical routine.

Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility of quantitative analysis of cardiac free-breathing RT-MRI and to compare image quality and volumetry during free-breathing RT-MRI in pediatric patients to standard breath-hold cine MRI.