Evaluation of the evidence on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental disorders using the Navigation Guide methodology.

Background: Acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter pain and fever medication taken during pregnancy, with > 50% of pregnant women using acetaminophen worldwide. Numerous well-designed studies have indicated that pregnant mothers exposed to acetaminophen have children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), at higher rates than children of pregnant mothers who were not exposed to acetaminophen.

Methods: We applied the Navigation Guide methodology to the scientific literature to comprehensively and objectively examine the association between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and NDDs and related symptomology in offspring.

Impact of Socioeconomic Conditions Across the Life Course on Epigenetic Age Acceleration: Evidence from a Longitudinal Cohort.

Background: We investigated whether adulthood socioeconomic status (SES) mediates the association between childhood SES and biological aging in a longitudinal cohort (N = 359).

Methods: SES was measured using composite scores from prospective measures in childhood and at age 50. Peripheral blood DNA methylation (DNAm) was measured at approximately 50 years of age.

Metabolomic evaluation of air pollution-related bone damage and potential mediation in Women's Health Initiative participants.

Ambient air pollution has been associated with bone damage. However, no studies have evaluated the metabolomic response to air pollutants and its potential influence on bone health in postmenopausal women. We analyzed data from Women's Health Initiative (WHI) participants with plasma samples.

Computed tomography-based prediction of interval cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer.

Objective: Our retrospective study aimed to investigate the role of computed tomography (CT) using both the tomographic Fagotti index and the Sugarbaker peritoneal cancer index (PCI) in predicting the feasibility of optimal interval debulking surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated in our institution who were eligible for interval debulking surgery were identified and included in the study. A retrospective image collection was operated, and CT scan evaluations were conducted by 2 independent radiologists to establish both scores (Fagotti index and Sugarbaker PCI).

Genomic landscape of early-stage prostate adenocarcinoma in Mexican patients: an exploratory study.

Background: Health disparities have been highlighted among patient with prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) due to ethnicity. Mexican men present a more aggressive disease than other patients resulting in less favorable treatment outcome. We aimed to identify the mutational landscape which could help to reduce the health disparities among minority groups and generate the first genomics exploratory study of PRAD in Mexican patients.

Factors Associated with Parametrial Involvement in Endometrial Carcinoma in Patients Treated with Radical Hysterectomy.

Introduction: Describe factors associated with parametrial involvement, and how these factors modify the prognosis of patients with endometrial carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy.

Methods: Observational study in which categorized patients according to those with and without parametrial involvement. A descriptive analysis and comparative analysis were performed for associations between parametrial spread and clinical, surgical, and pathology variables.

Air Pollution and Lung Cancer: Contributions of Extracellular Vesicles as Pathogenic Mechanisms and Clinical Utility.

Purpose Of Review: This review addresses the pressing issue of air pollution's threat to human health, focusing on its connection to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. The aim is to explore the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential pathogenic mechanisms in lung cancer, including NSCLC, induced by air pollutants.

Recent Findings: Recent research highlights EVs as vital mediators of intercellular communication and key contributors to cancer progression.

Metabolomic Evaluation of Air Pollution-related Bone Damage and Potential Mediation.

Ambient air pollution has been associated with bone damage. However, no studies have evaluated the metabolomic response to air pollutants and its potential influence on bone health in postmenopausal women. We analyzed data from WHI participants with plasma samples.

Early Environment and Telomeres: a Long-Term Toxic Relationship.

Purpose Of Review: Telomere length (TL) shortening is a hallmark of biological aging. While studies have extensively focused on the impact of environmental exposures on TL in older populations, consistent evidence indicates that prenatal environmental exposures to air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals influence TL shortening. Here, we summarize evidence linking prenatal environmental exposures with children's TL and discuss potential long-term effects.

Influence of luminal and basal subtype in prognosis of high-grade non muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma.

Background: Recent studies have shown that the classification of high-grade urothelial carcinoma non-muscle invasive (HGBCNMI) based on molecular subtypes might be a valuable strategy to identify patients with a worse clinical prognosis.

Objective: Determine the effect of the luminal and basal molecular subtype determined by immunistochemical on prognosis in patients with HGBC in Mexican population.

Methods: Phenotypes were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of luminal (GATA3, FOXA1) and basal (CK5/6, CK14) markers in paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 45 patients with a diagnosis of HGBCNMI treated at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-México (INCan) between 2009 and 2019.

Mutational Landscape of Bladder Cancer in Mexican Patients: Mutations and chr11q15.5 Amplifications Are Associated with Muscle Invasion.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary tract, which originates in the epithelium that covers the inner surface of the bladder. The molecular BC profile has led to the development of different classifications of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the genomic BC landscape profile of the Mexican population, including NMIBC and MIBC, is unknown.

Somatic Mutational Landscape in Mexican Patients: Mutations and chr20q13.33 Amplifications Are Associated with Diffuse-Type Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

The Hispanic population, compared with other ethnic groups, presents a more aggressive gastric cancer phenotype with higher frequency of diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma (GA); this could be related to the mutational landscape of GA in these patients. Using whole-exome sequencing, we sought to present the mutational landscape of GA from 50 Mexican patients who were treated at The Instituto Nacional de Cancerología from 2019 to 2020. We performed a comprehensive statistical analysis to explore the relationship of the genomic variants and clinical data such as tumor histology and presence of signet-ring cell, , and EBV.

Predicting risk of lung function impairment and all-cause mortality using a DNA methylation-based classifier of tobacco smoke exposure.

Background: The Epigenetic Smoking Status Estimator (EpiSmokEr) predicts smoking phenotypes based on DNA methylation at 121 CpG sites.

Objective: Evaluate associations of EpiSmokEr-predicted versus self-reported smoking phenotypes with lung function and all-cause mortality in a cohort of older adults.

Methods: The prospective Normative Aging Study collected DNA methylation measurements from 1999 to 2012 with follow-up through 2016.

Associations of Childhood and Perinatal Blood Metals with Children's Gut Microbiomes in a Canadian Gestation Cohort.

Background: The gut microbiome is important in modulating health in childhood. Metal exposures affect multiple health outcomes, but their ability to modify bacterial communities in children is poorly understood.

Objectives: We assessed the associations of childhood and perinatal blood metal levels with childhood gut microbiome diversity, structure, species, gene family-inferred species, and potential pathway alterations.

Acantholytic squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix: A case series.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is considered the most common histologic variant of cervical cancer, with well-established treatment protocols and prognosis. An infrequent histologic variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma is the acantholytic variant (ASCC), which is characterized by discohesive cells that result in a pseudoglandular and/or angiomatoid pattern of growth. This variant of squamous cell carcinoma has been regarded as having a poor prognosis at certain anatomic sites such as the head and neck and vulva.

Marine pollutant exposures and human milk extracellular vesicle-microRNAs in a mother-infant cohort from the Faroe Islands.

Background/aims: Early life exposures to marine contaminants can adversely impact child health but modes of action are unclear. Human milk contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can transport biologically relevant cargo from mother to infant, including microRNAs (miRNAs), and may partly mediate the effects of pollutants on child health. However, the role of marine pollutants on miRNA expression in milk EVs is unexplored.

Proteasome inhibition alters mitotic progression through the upregulation of centromeric α-Satellite RNAs.

Cell cycle progression requires control of the abundance of several proteins and RNAs over space and time to properly transit from one phase to the next and to ensure faithful genomic inheritance in daughter cells. The proteasome, the main protein degradation system of the cell, facilitates the establishment of a proteome specific to each phase of the cell cycle. Its activity also strongly influences transcription.

Role of brain extracellular vesicles in air pollution-related cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration.

A relationship between environmental exposure to air pollution and cognitive impairment and neurological disorders has been described. Previous literature has focused on the direct effects of the air pollution components on neuronal and glial cells, as well as on involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation on microglia and astrocyte reactivity. However, other mechanisms involved in the air pollution effects on central nervous system (CNS) toxicity can be playing critical roles.

Mental Health of High-Risk Urban Youth: The Housing Subsidies Paradox.

Housing subsidies, including public housing and Section 8 vouchers, are key components of the social safety net, intended to promote family and child welfare. Studies evaluating the impact of housing subsidies on child and adolescent mental health, however, are generally inconclusive. This may reflect variation in the influence by type of subsidies to income, improved physical environment, increased access to resources, and improved perception of neighborhood safety.

Mutational landscape of gastric adenocarcinoma in Latin America: A genetic approach for precision medicine.

Latin-America (LATAM) is the second region in gastric cancer incidence; gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) represents 95% of all cases. We provide a mutational landscape of GA highlighting a) germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary GA, b) germline risk variants associated with sporadic GA, and c) somatic variants present in sporadic GA in LATAM, and analyze how this landscape can be applied for precision medicine. We found that Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela are the countries with more published studies from LATAM explicitly related to GA.