Gender Medicine in Computed Tomography Radiomics Analysis to Predict Disease Progression in Liver Respectable Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Background: Gender medicine is an evolving discipline that examines how diseases manifest and progress differently in men and women. Tailoring medical therapies and diagnostic approaches can enhance patient outcomes. While radiomics is emerging as a promising tool in personalized medicine, few studies evaluate its role in gender medicine within radiology.

Prognostic and predictive significance of the pan-immune-inflammation value in endometrial cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy.

Background: The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) has been associated with survival outcomes across various cancer types. This study investigates the association between PIV and overall and progression-free survival in endometrial cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 138 endometrial cancer patients treated at our center between January 2014 and January 2024.

Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer and hepatitis B: multicentre experience in a low-middle-income country.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in clinical practice. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICIs in patients diagnosed with cancer who also have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of patients who received an ICI between 2016 and 2023 at three tertiary cancer centers.

Albumin-myosteatosis gauge as a prognostic biomarker in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have heralded a new era in cancer treatment, many patients do not respond, underscoring the need for biomarkers. The albumin-myosteatosis gauge (AMG) is a recently developed integrated measure of myosteatosis and serum albumin levels, reflecting systemic inflammation and malnutrition. Herein, we investigate the prognostic value of AMG in patients with advanced cancer treated with ICIs.

Prognostic Nutritional Index and a Blood-Based Prognostic Tool in Prostate Cancer Treated with Abiraterone, Enzalutamide or Cabazitaxel.

: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), a marker reflecting both nutritional and immune status, has been associated with prognosis in various malignancies. However, evidence in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), particularly from non-Asian populations, remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of baseline PNI and to develop a blood-based prognostic model in mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone acetate (AA), enzalutamide (ENZA), or cabazitaxel (CABA).

IGF-1R inhibitors in cancer: A review of available evidence and future outlook.

The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) has emerged as a critical target in oncology due to its pivotal role in tumor growth, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Despite encouraging preclinical findings, clinical trials utilizing IGF-1R inhibitors as monotherapies have largely been unsuccessful. Herein, we reviewed the available data with IGF-1R inhibitors and the potential of IGF-1R inhibitors when used in combination therapies, an approach supported by advances in precision medicine and immuno-oncology.

Prognostic value of serum albumin-creatinine ratio as a biomarker in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Albumin and creatinine are considered important for understanding patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, numerous confounding factors complicate the interpretation of albumin and creatinine alone in clinical practice. This study aims to assess the correlation between survival outcomes and serum-albumin creatinine ratio (sACR) in patients treated with ICIs.

Drug-Drug interactions and special considerations in breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors: A comprehensive review.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have reshaped the treatment paradigm of hormone receptor positive (HR + )/HER2-negative breast cancer in both adjuvant and metastatic settings. However, their metabolism via the cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) pathway poses a high risk of clinically relevant drug-drug interactions (DDIs), requiring vigilant therapeutic strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and interaction profiles of palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, emphasizing their differential DDI risks.

Early Changes in Volumetric Body Composition Parameters Predict Survival Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Targeted Therapy.

: The precise role of volumetric body composition (VBC) parameters, visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), and skeletal muscle index (SMI) on the survival of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is not fully elucidated. Herein, the present study investigated the clinical significance of baseline VBC parameters and their changes after 3-4 months from treatment initiation in patients with mRCC treated with first-line targeted therapy. : A total of 108 patients were enrolled.

Treatment-Related Adverse Events in Extended Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving First-Line Chemoimmunotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Nowadays the prognosis of extended stage (ES) small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients is poor. However, a high response rate to first-line chemotherapy (CT) and the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have notably ameliorated the outcome of these patients. The aim of our study is to compare treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) between ES- SCLC patients receiving first-line ICIs adding CT and those receiving only CT.

Clinical Characteristics and Management of Patients Admitted to the Supportive Care Clinic and Predisposing Factors of Unplanned Hospital Readmission: Single-Center Experience.

It is well known that supportive care clinics are vital in medical oncology practice. This study aims to present a portrait of the supportive care clinic of a tertiary cancer center in a low-middle-income country. This study included patients admitted to our supportive care clinic between January 2019 and December 2023.

Efficacy of Immunotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Advanced Pleural Mesothelioma: A Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy across different treatment lines in patients with pleural mesothelioma. It also sought to identify factors influencing the success of immunotherapy, such as histological subtype, PD-L1 expression, type of asbestos exposure, and metastatic status. A retrospective analysis was conducted with 60 patients diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma.

Efficacy of Second-Line Treatments After Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Related Prognostic Factors: A Multicenter Study by the Turkish Oncology Group (TOG).

Background/aims: The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for 90% of all liver cancers, is highly varied. The use of second-line treatments following progression on first-line atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) for advanced HCC remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the real-world clinical results of second-line treatments in progression after Atez/Bev and to determine the factors affecting prognosis.

Real-World Treatment Efficacy of Ribociclib or Palbociclib Plus Fulvestrant in Hormone Receptor-Positive/HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) Study.

Background: Real-world (RW) data provide valuable information about the effectiveness and safety of treatment modalities in the general population that is not limited by selection criteria in clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of palbociclib or ribociclib plus fulvestrant in hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal factor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer (HR+/HER2-MBC).

Materials And Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study that included 522 patients with HR+/HER2-MBC treated with ribociclib or palbociclib in combination with fulvestrant.

Prognostic significance of the cachexia index (CXI) in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: The Cachexia Index (CXI) was a useful indicator of malnutrition and inflammatory pressure in patients with cancer and was associated with a poor prognosis. However, the available studies differ in terms of study population, design, and the used cut-offs. Therefore, we aimed to systematically analyze the association between CXI and survival in cancer patients.

Fear of Cancer Recurrence and Associated Factors in Lymphoma Survivors and Their Family Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a pervasive concern among lymphoma survivors and their family caregivers, influencing psychological and physical health. Given the substantial burden of FCR, identifying its predictors is crucial for targeted interventions that could enhance palliative care. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of FCR in lymphoma survivors and their caregivers, as well as associated factors METHODS: A total of 118 patients with lymphoma, along with their family caregivers, were recruited from Hacettepe University Cancer Institute between March 2024 and May 2024.

Comparative Analysis of Prognostic Potential of Pretreatment Blood-Based Biomarkers in Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score.

: Metastatic bladder cancer (mBC) presents a significant global health challenge with a poor prognosis and considerably limited survival. Despite advancements in therapies, long-term survival remains difficult to predict. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic potential of various pretreatment blood-based biomarkers, including the NLR, dNLR, LMR, PLR, SII, mGPS, CAR, AGR, PNI, PIV, and Bellmunt score, in mBC patients.

Post-progression treatment options after CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

The combination of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and endocrine therapy (ET) is the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR + ) and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Despite their efficacy, resistance inevitably develops, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies post-progression. This review explores current and emerging treatment options following progression on CDK4/6i, focusing on endocrine therapies, targeted therapies, combination approaches, and the continued use of CDK4/6i.

Serum Albumin-Creatinine Ratio and Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Cancer.

Several studies have suggested that the serum albumin-creatinine ratio (sACR) is a useful marker for the early risk stratification of patients with cardiomyocyte injury. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between sACR and anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity. This study included patients who had received anthracycline-based chemotherapy between 2014 and 2023 and had undergone baseline and follow-up echocardiography after the treatment.

Oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) in hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer after progression with CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Introduction: Hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) remains a prevalent and challenging disease. Endocrine therapy (ET) combined with CDK4/6 inhibitors is the first-line standard of care, yet resistance mechanisms, including ESR1 mutations, drive disease progression. Novel oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents after progression with CDK4/6 inhibitors secondary to ESR1 mutations.

The association between blood sodium levels and survival in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment landscape for solid tumors, offering substantial survival benefits. Despite this progress, many patients do not achieve durable responses, highlighting the need for novel prognostic biomarkers. This study investigates the association between serum sodium levels and survival outcomes in patients treated with ICIs.

Modified cachexia index and survival in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with CDK 4-6 inhibitors.

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between survival outcomes and the modified cachexia index (mCXI) in patients with metastatic breast cancer who have been treated with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors.

Methods: This study was conducted on patients with metastatic breast cancer who received CDK 4/6 inhibitors (either Palbociclib or Ribociclib) between January 2020 and November 2024.

Results: 240 patients were included.