Unlocking the anti-aging potential: In silico analysis of astaxanthin, curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol in modulating skin aging pathways.

Multiple studies have linked aging to a result of the inflammatory response. Thus, there is a recognized need for cosmeceuticals that modulate inflammation pathways to prevent and treat aging. In this sense, four bioactive compounds were selected for their documented anti-inflammatory/antioxidant properties.

Detecting vascular normalization in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is highly angiogenic, making this tumor attractive, in the last 20 years, for analysis of clinical and biological functions of the VEGF family, relating altered expression with patient's clinical responses. Currently, analyzes and validations have yet to be made to relate vascular normalization with combinations of immune-, chemo- or radiotherapy. We review the main clinical analyses capable of identifying markers of vascular normalization including functional biomarkers (e.

Transforming Medical Genetics Teaching: An Innovative Approach with Problem-Based Learning.

Twenty-first century trends indicate that the central characteristic of contemporary education is the shift from an individual focus to a social, political, and ideological focus. Active teaching-learning methodologies, particularly with a problematizing approach, have been used in training and health professionals, as a strategy aimed at integrating knowledge and promoting a critical and reflective attitude towards practice. In view of this, the present study sought to build, standardize, and apply the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology in teaching the Medical Genetics discipline for the Medicine course at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), seeking to contribute to the consolidation of the study of genetic determinants of diseases and their applications in medical education and practice, in order to provide possible examples of medical conduct, given the different realities experienced by doctors.

Glyphosate-based herbicide as a potential risk factor for breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women worldwide, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a role in its development. Glyphosate, the active ingredient in widely used agricultural herbicides, is recognized as a potential carcinogen and endocrine disruptor, making it a candidate for inducing epigenetic modifications linked to breast cancer. This study investigates the effects of the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup® on non-tumorigenic (MCF10A) and tumorigenic (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cell lines, focusing on the expression of key breast cancer-related genes.

Using machine learning to predict Hemophilia A severity.

Hemophilia A is a rare genetic condition that predominantly affects men and is characterized by a deficiency in Factor VIII clotting (FVIII). This research focuses on the development of a classification model to predict the severity of Hemophilia A, using data from point mutations in the FVIII protein. The study employs a variety of classification models, including RandomForest, XGBoost, and LightGBM, and performs a robust analysis of the data to select the most relevant features.

Laying the groundwork: Exploring pesticide exposure and genetic factors in south-eastern Brazilian farmers.

Brazil is the world leader in pesticide consumption, and its indiscriminate use puts farmers' health at risk. The gene encodes the CYP2C9 enzyme, which metabolizes several endogenous substrates and specific xenobiotics, especially pesticides. Our goal is to study the risk of pesticide use, especially the herbicide glyphosate, in the development of diseases and the association with two polymorphisms, in farmers living in the southern region of Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

Resilience in adversity: Exploring adaptive changes in cancer cells under stress.

Objective: Cancer cells undergo adaptive processes that favor their survival and proliferation when subjected to different types of cellular stress. These changes are linked to oncogenic processes such as genetic instability, tumor proliferation, therapy resistance, and invasion. Therefore, this study aimed to review studies that discuss possible morphological and genetic changes acquired by neoplastic cells under stressful conditions.

Bioinformatics and molecular biology tools for diagnosis, prevention, treatment and prognosis of COVID-19.

Since December 2019, a new form of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has emerged worldwide, caused by SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This disease was called COVID-19 and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Symptoms can vary from a common cold to severe pneumonia, hypoxemia, respiratory distress, and death.

Pan-cancer and multiomics: advanced strategies for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in the complex genetic and molecular universe of cancer.

The pan-cancer and multi-omics approach is motivated by the genetic and molecular complexity inherent in the varied types of cancer. This method presents itself as a crucial resource for advancing early diagnosis, defining prognoses and identifying treatments that share common bases between different forms of tumors. The aim of this article is to explore pan-cancer analysis in conjunction with multi-omics strategies, evaluating laboratory, computational, clinical procedures and their consequences, as well as examining the tumor microenvironment, epigenetics and future directions of these technologies in patient management.

Factors Associated with Chronic Chikungunya in Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, Between 2016 and 2020.

Chikungunya patients may develop chronic joint pain that can persist for months to years. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with Chikungunya chronicity. This case-control study involved data from patients with laboratory-confirmed Chikungunya reported from March 2016 to December 2020 in Vitória, Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

Integrating frontiers: a holistic, quantum and evolutionary approach to conquering cancer through systems biology and multidisciplinary synergy.

Cancer therapy is facing increasingly significant challenges, marked by a wide range of techniques and research efforts centered around somatic mutations, precision oncology, and the vast amount of big data. Despite this abundance of information, the quest to cure cancer often seems more elusive, with the "war on cancer" yet to deliver a definitive victory. A particularly pressing issue is the development of tumor treatment resistance, highlighting the urgent need for innovative approaches.

Analysis of 12 X-STRs loci in a population from southeastern Brazil.

Short tandem repeat (STR) markers on the X chromosome have a high potential for solving complex kinship analysis and individual identification cases. To achieve such purposes, allele and haplotype frequencies for the specific population are necessary. Nonetheless, such frequencies are not always available.

Prognostic Factors and Markers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges.

Lung cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm and, despite the development of recent therapies, tumor progression and recurrence following the initial response remains unsolved. Several questions remain unanswered about non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): (1) Which patients will actually benefit from therapy? (2) What are the predictive factors of response to MAbs and TKIs? (3) What are the best combination strategies with conventional treatments or new antineoplastic drugs? To answer these questions, an integrative literature review was carried out, searching articles in PUBMED, NCBI-PMC, Google Academic, and others. Here, we will examine the molecular genetics of lung cancer, emphasizing NSCLC, and delineate the primary categories of inhibitors based on their molecular targets, alongside the main treatment alternatives depending on the type of acquired resistance.

Computational Biology Helps Understand How Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells Drive Tumor Success.

Precision and organization govern the cell cycle, ensuring normal proliferation. However, some cells may undergo abnormal cell divisions (neosis) or variations of mitotic cycles (endopolyploidy). Consequently, the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), critical for tumor survival, resistance, and immortalization, can occur.

Translational Bioinformatics Applied to the Study of Complex Diseases.

Translational Bioinformatics (TBI) is defined as the union of translational medicine and bioinformatics. It emerges as a major advance in science and technology by covering everything, from the most basic database discoveries, to the development of algorithms for molecular and cellular analysis, as well as their clinical applications. This technology makes it possible to access the knowledge of scientific evidence and apply it to clinical practice.

Forensic Applications of Markers Present on the X Chromosome.

Microsatellite genetic markers are the gold standard for human genetic identification. Forensic analyses around the world are carried out through protocols using the analysis of STR markers in autosomal chromosomes and in the Y chromosome to solve crimes. However, these analyses do not allow for the resolution of all cases, such as rape situations with suspicion of incest, paternity without a maternal sample for comparison, and biological traces with DNA mixture where the profile sought is female, among other situations.

Efficient blockade of Akt signaling is a determinant factor to overcome resistance to matuzumab.

Background: Clinical studies have shown antineoplastic effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against EGFR for different indications. Several MAbs directed to EGFR were developed recently, such as matuzumab, but there is still lack of information on preclinical data on its combination with chemo-radiation. Thus, the present study intended to examine the molecular pathways triggered by matuzumab alone or associated to chemo-radiotherapy in gynecological cell lines and its impact on cell growth and signaling.

Serum albumin and vascular endothelial growth factor in epithelial ovarian cancer: looking at adnexal tumor drainage.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze serum albumin levels (SAL) in relation to concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from peripheral plasma, infundibular plasma, peritoneal fluids and the peritoneal burden of VEGF of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Exploratory analyses of SAL in 39 patients and its relation to mean concentrations of VEGF from the origins are described above. Statistical analyses comprised Student's t test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Peritoneal VEGF burden as a predictor of cytoreductive surgery outcome in women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective: To determine whether peripheral plasma concentration, peritoneal fluid concentration, and/or peritoneal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) burden can predict the possibility of optimal cytoreduction in women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC); and if so, to determine cutoff values below which optimal cytoreduction is likely to occur.

Methods: We measured plasma VEGF concentration, peritoneal VEGF concentration, and VEGF burden in 46 women undergoing cytoreductive surgery. Univariate analysis, bivariate analysis, correlation tests, and stepwise regression were performed with cytoreduction as the outcome.

Different antiproliferative effects of matuzumab and cetuximab in A431 cells are associated with persistent activity of the MAPK pathway.

Preclinical studies have shown the potential antitumour efficacy of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this report, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of the MAb matuzumab (EMD 72000) towards A431 cells and compared it to cetuximab. While cetuximab induced cell cycle arrest and inhibited A431 cell proliferation, matuzumab did not.

Clotrimazole decreases human breast cancer cells viability through alterations in cytoskeleton-associated glycolytic enzymes.

Cancer cells are characterized by a high rate of glycolysis, which is their primary energy source. Glycolysis is known to be controlled by allosteric regulators, as well as by reversible binding of glycolytic enzymes to cytoskeleton. Clotrimazole is an anti-fungal azole derivative recently recognized as a calmodulin antagonist with promising anti-cancer effect.