Comparing Deterministic and Stochastic Reinforcement Learning for Glucose Regulation in Type 1 Diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition affecting millions worldwide, requiring external insulin administration to regulate blood glucose levels and prevent serious complications. Artificial Pancreas Systems (APS) for managing T1D currently rely on manual input, which adds a cognitive burden on people with T1D and their carers. Research into alleviating this burden through Reinforcement Learning (RL) explores enabling the APS to autonomously learn and adapt to the complex dynamics of blood glucose regulation, demonstrating improvements in in-silico evaluations compared to traditional clinical approaches.

Prevention of MKK6-dependent activation by binding to p38alpha MAP kinase.

Inhibition of p38alpha MAP kinase is a potential approach for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. MKK6-dependent phosphorylation on the activation loop of p38alpha increases its catalytic activity and affinity for ATP. An inhibitor, BIRB796, binds at a site used by the purine moiety of ATP and extends into a "selectivity pocket", which is not used by ATP.

Global analysis of the riverine transport of 90Sr and 37Cs.

Atmospheric nuclear weapons explosions and large-scale nuclear accidents may contaminate large areas of land with the long-lived radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr. The mobility and bioavailability of these radionuclides in the environment is dependent primarily on soil characteristics and changes significantly over time after fallout (1-4). Radioisotope concentrations in different rivers and at different times after fallout vary over 2-3 orders of magnitude.

Crystal structure of human thymidine phosphorylase in complex with a small molecule inhibitor.

Human thymidine phosphorylase (HTP), also known as platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), is overexpressed in certain solid tumors where it is linked to poor prognosis. HTP expression is utilized for certain chemotherapeutic strategies and is also thought to play a role in tumor angiogenesis. We determined the structure of HTP bound to the small molecule inhibitor 5-chloro-6-[1-(2-iminopyrrolidinyl) methyl] uracil hydrochloride (TPI).