Sink or swim: Phylogenomic analysis of Baikal sculpins reveals multiple transformations to pelagic, bathybenthic, and lotic ecomorphologies.

Lake Baikal ranks among the world's most species-rich freshwater ecosystems; however, the evolutionary histories of endemic taxa remain poorly understood. The unique abiotic environments of Lake Baikal include the only bathybenthic, bathypelagic, and deep hydrothermal vent communities in freshwater, each of which supports species with derived morphological and physiological traits. As the only known vertebrate radiation endemic to a non-tropical ancient lake, Baikal sculpins represent an underappreciated resource for investigating evolutionary processes that underlie adaptive radiation.

Monogenoidea (Dactylogyridae, Gyrodactylidae) from Red River Pupfish, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae), from Kansas and Texas, USA.

Background: The gills of Red River Pupfish (Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis) collected from Kansas and Texas, U.S.A.

Phylogeography of the widespread creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae).

The extent and nature of genetic differentiation in Semotilus atromaculatus, one of the most abundant and widespread leuciscids in North America, were evaluated based on mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear DNA sequence variation. Phylogenetic relationships were first inferred based on a fragment of the cytochrome b (cytb) region and the nuclear intron s7 gene for S. atromaculatus and all other congeners as well as representative species from all other genera in the creek chub-plagopterin clade.

Phylogeny, diversity, and species delimitation of the North American Round-Nosed Minnows (Teleostei: Dionda), as inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences.

Accurate delimitation of species is a critical first step in protecting biodiversity. Detection of distinct species is especially important for groups of organisms that inhabit sensitive environments subject to recent degradation, such as creeks, springs, and rivers in arid or semi-desert regions. The genus Dionda currently includes six recognized and described species of minnows that live in clear springs and spring-fed creeks of Texas, New Mexico (USA), and northern Mexico, but the boundaries, delimitation, and characterization of species in this genus have not been examined rigorously.