Health and Economic Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Produce Prescriptions for Diabetes in 50 U.S. States: A Microsimulation Study.

Objective: Produce prescription (PRx) programs have been shown to result in improved dietary quality, diabetes control, and cardiometabolic outcomes. However, their potential health and economic impacts across 50 U.S.

Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: A joint advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and the Obesity Society.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination medications (GLP-1s) are shifting the treatment landscape for obesity. However, real-world challenges and limited clinician and public knowledge on nutritional and lifestyle interventions can limit GLP-1 efficacy, equitable results, and cost-effectiveness.

Objectives: We aimed to identify pragmatic priorities for nutrition and other lifestyle interventions relevant to GLP-1 treatment of obesity for the practicing clinician.

DNA Methylation Signatures of Cardiovascular Health Provide Insights Into Diseases.

Background: The association of overall cardiovascular health (CVH) with changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) has not been well characterized.

Methods: We calculated the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 score to reflect CVH in 5 cohorts with diverse backgrounds (mean age 54 years, 55% women, and enrollment year ranging from 1989 to 2012). Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) for Life's Essential 8 score were conducted, followed by bioinformatic analyses.

Veterans Affairs FreshConnectProduceRx: a study protocol for a pragmatic quasi-experimental study assessing health, healthcare costs, and implementation processes of a produce prescription program in VA medical centers.

Background: Food insecurity, poor nutrition, and diet-related diseases create major intersecting health challenges. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has identified food insecurity as a high-priority problem and established regular clinical screening. Veterans with identified food insecurity and diet-sensitive cardiometabolic health conditions will benefit from the successful implementation of effective Food is Medicine interventions.

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and risk of incident cardiovascular events in the multi ethnic study of Atherosclerosis.

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiome-derived metabolite of choline, L-carnitine and lecithin, abundant in animal source foods. In experimental models, higher blood TMAO levels enhance atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However in humans, most prior studies have evaluated high risk or secondary prevention populations, and no studies have investigated relationships in a diverse, multi-ethnic population.

Differences in United States Adult Dietary Patterns by Cardiometabolic Health and Socioeconomic Vulnerability.

Background: Naturally occurring dietary patterns are not well described among individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiometabolic risk factors (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia), particularly considering socioeconomic vulnerability.

Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: a joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination medications (hereafter collectively referred to as GLP-1s) are shifting the treatment landscape for obesity. However, real-world challenges and limited clinician and public knowledge on nutritional and lifestyle interventions can limit GLP-1 efficacy, equitable results, and cost-effectiveness.

Objectives: We aimed to identify pragmatic priorities for nutrition and other lifestyle interventions relevant to GLP-1 treatment of obesity for the practicing clinician.

Nutritional Priorities to Support GLP-1 Therapy for Obesity: A Joint Advisory From the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and the Obesity Society.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination medications (hereafter collectively referred to as GLP-1s) are shifting the treatment landscape for obesity. However, real-world challenges and limited clinician and public knowledge on nutritional and lifestyle interventions can limit GLP-1 efficacy, equitable results, and cost-effectiveness.

Objectives: We aimed to identify pragmatic priorities for nutrition and other lifestyle interventions relevant to GLP-1 treatment of obesity for the practicing clinician.

Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: A joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and combination medications (hereafter collectively referred to as GLP-1s) are shifting the treatment landscape for obesity. However, real-world challenges and limited clinician and public knowledge on nutritional and lifestyle interventions can limit GLP-1 efficacy, equitable results, and cost-effectiveness.

Objectives: We aimed to identify pragmatic priorities for nutrition and other lifestyle interventions relevant to GLP-1 treatment of obesity for the practicing clinician.

Fiscal Impact of Expanded Medicare Coverage for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists to Treat Obesity.

Importance: Despite the clinical benefits of treating obesity and related complications, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are not yet covered by Medicare Part D, partly due to high drug costs. The Biden administration's proposal to expand Part D coverage underscores the need to assess the balance between fiscal costs and benefits to guide policy decisions.

Objective: To estimate the 10-year net fiscal impact of expanded Medicare coverage for GLP-1RAs for obesity treatment.

Produce prescription to improve health among adults with type 2 diabetes in Australia: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: 'Food is medicine' programs such as Produce Prescription (PRx) aim to integrate food-based nutrition programs into healthcare, for the prevention, management and treatment of diet-related diseases, typically for those experiencing food insecurity. However, the impact of PRx on health indicators in Australia has never been tested in a randomised trial.

Objectives: To determine the effect of PRx on blood glucose control and other health indicators in adults with type 2 diabetes experiencing hyperglycaemia and food insecurity and/or financial hardship in Australia.

Advancing The FDA's Human Foods Program Through Additional Authorities And User Fees.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lacks certain authorities and is persistently underresourced to fulfill its mission of protecting the public by ensuring that foods are safe, wholesome, sanitary, and properly labeled. Particularly concerning gaps exist in pre- and postmarket oversight of food ingredients that are often found in ultraprocessed foods. Numerous substances either have evidence of harm or are unknown to the FDA and the public.

Estimated Impact Of Medically Tailored Meals On Health Care Use And Expenditures In 50 US States.

Medically tailored meals (MTMs) can reduce health care use among high-risk patients with diet-related conditions. However, the potential impact of providing coverage for MTMs across fifty US states remains unknown. Using a population-based, open-cohort simulation model, we estimated state-specific one-year and five-year changes in annual hospitalizations, health care spending, and cost-effectiveness of MTMs for patients with diet-related diseases and limitations in activities of daily living, covered by Medicaid, Medicare, or private insurance.

States' Use Of Medicaid Managed Care 'In Lieu Of Services' Authority To Address Poor Nutrition.

In response to rising health, economic, and equity burdens of suboptimal nutrition, health care stakeholders are increasingly integrating nutritional supports into health care delivery and financing. In January 2023, federal guidance clarified that states may use "in lieu of services and settings" (ILOS) authority to address health-related social needs, including nutrition, in Medicaid managed care. However, few data are available regarding ILOS implementation.

A New Approach To Guide Research And Policy At The Intersection Of Income, Food, Nutrition, And Health.

Income distribution, food and nutrition insecurity, and poor diet quality contribute to diet-related disease, which is a major threat to population health and health equity. Based on our review and synthesis of the empirical evidence, we provide a new conceptual model for understanding the interrelationships among income, food security, nutrition security, diet quality, and health. We identify directions for future research and discuss the policy and program implications of the model.

Food Compass Score-10: validation of a method for evaluating the healthfulness of foods and beverages using ingredient list information.

Background: The Food Compass, a novel food profiling system, provides a holistic, validated assessment of the healthfulness of foods, beverages, and meals using 54 attributes across 9 domains. However, information on several of these attributes is not commonly available.

Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate an approach, Food Compass Score-10 (FCS-10), to estimate FCSs using information commonly available on package labels.

'Food Is Medicine' In The US: A National Survey Of Public Perceptions Of Care, Practices, And Policies.

Poor nutrition in the US causes more than 600,000 deaths and an estimated $1.1 trillion in health care spending and lost productivity annually, as well as profound health disparities. Food Is Medicine interventions, which incorporate nutrition-related services in medical care as part of a care plan to prevent or treat disease, can advance nutrition security, health, and equity.

Facilitators and barriers to reach and enrollment into a medically tailored meals program within a section 1115 Medicaid pilot: clinic staff perspectives.

Introduction: Medically tailored meals (MTMs) are home-delivered, nutritionally tailored meals for individuals living with complex or advanced diet-sensitive medical conditions. In 2020, Massachusetts Medicaid implemented the Flexible Services Program (FSP) through a Section 1115 Demonstration, which funded novel nutrition programs, including MTMs, for high-risk patients through Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs). Little is known from the practitioners' perspective regarding the facilitators and barriers to reaching and enrolling patients in MTM programs.

Monosodium glutamate: A hidden risk factor for obesity?

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has become one of the most widely used food additives in the global food supply. Although it has been classified for decades as a food ingredient that is generally recognized as safe, concerns about the health impacts of chronic MSG use, especially its potential effect on weight, are still ongoing. This comprehensive review summarizes the available human and animal evidence, highlighting potential mechanisms linking MSG use to weight gain or obesity, and discusses challenges and future research directions.