Characterization of Bone Matrix Mineralization and Osteocyte Lacunar Density Unveils Microstructural Impairment at the Main Femoral Fracture-Initiating Site in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

This study aimed to perform microstructural characterization of the increased fragility of human bone in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by exploring the matrix mineralization and osteocyte lacunar density at the superolateral femoral neck-the typical fracture-initiating site. Postmortem specimens of the full-length superolateral femoral neck from 16 elderly men with T2DM and age-matched non-DM controls were examined using backscattered-electron microscopy in terms of mineralization parameters and parameters of osteocyte lacunar density. The T2DM and control groups did not differ in age and body mass index (p > 0.

Site-specific alterations of bone matrix mineralization, micro-hardness, and density of mineralized osteocyte lacunae in men with alcohol-associated liver disease: implications for vertebral fracture predilection.

Low bone quality has been reported as a source of bone fragility in individuals with alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD). Alterations of the bone matrix, including the spatial BMD distribution and osteocyte lacunar network characteristics, have not been comprehensively assessed in common fracture sites of individuals with AALD. Considering the clinical relevance of vertebral and femoral fragility fractures among these individuals, this cross-sectional study aimed to analyze site-specific BMD distribution, bone mechanical properties, osteocyte lacunar network, and Haversian system characteristics in the first lumbar vertebra and superolateral femoral neck of adult male donors with AALD.

Burn index, burn characteristics and carboxyhemoglobin levels in indoor fire-related deaths: Significance and interpretation of the autopsy findings.

Introduction: The Burn Index (BI) is a significant clinical prognostic parameter for patients with burns. It simultaneously considers major mortality risk factors: age and burns extensivity. Despite the inability to distinguish between ante- and post-mortem burns, their characteristics on autopsy might indicate if a significant thermal injury occurred before the onset of death.

Three-dimensional mapping of cortical porosity and thickness along the superolateral femoral neck in older women.

Although several studies have analyzed inter-individual differences in the femoral neck cortical microstructure, intra-individual variations have not been comprehensively evaluated. By using microCT, we mapped cortical pore volume fraction (Ct.Po) and thickness (Ct.

Increased Cortical Porosity, Reduced Cortical Thickness, and Reduced Trabecular and Cortical Microhardness of the Superolateral Femoral Neck Confer the Increased Hip Fracture Risk in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.

Individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) have approximately 30% increased risk of hip fracture; however, the main cause of the elevated fracture risk in those subjects remains unclear. Moreover, micromechanical and microarchitectural properties of the superolateral femoral neck-the common fracture-initiating site-are still unknown. We collected proximal femora of 16 men (eight with T2DM and eight controls; age: 61 ± 10 years) at autopsy.

Micro-scale assessment of bone quality changes in adult cadaveric men with congestive hepatopathy.

Congestive hepatopathy (CH) is a chronic liver disease (CLD) caused by impaired hepatic venous blood outflow, most frequently resulting from congestive heart failure. Although it is known that heart failure and CLDs contribute to increased risk for age-related fractures, an assessment of CH-induced skeletal alterations has not been made to date. The aim of our study was to characterize changes in bone quality in adult male cadavers with pathohistologically confirmed CH compared with controls without liver disease.

Guillain-Barré syndrome as a fatal complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection - An autopsy case.

We presented a case of a 57-year-old female, who was tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and was admitted to a hospital seven days later with signs of early pneumonia. The second day after her admission to the hospital, and nine days after the first positive PCR test, examination showed progressive ascendant weakness of the arms and legs with persisting paresthesia, lab tests showed increased concentration of proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid with albumino-cytological dissociation. She was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).