Metabolite and Sensory Profiling of Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasonic-Assisted Alkalized Cocoa Powders.

Microwave (MA)- and ultrasonic-assisted (UA) alkalization were applied to cocoa powders for 5, 10, and 15 min to investigate their effects on metabolite composition, sensory profile, and consumer liking. Widely targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed alkalization altered metabolite profiles: Natural cocoa powders contained more amino acids, sugars, and flavonoids, while alkalized samples had elevated organic acids. Compared to conventionally alkalized (CA) samples, only UA15 showed a significant increase in 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance of Semi-Refined Kappa Carrageenan-Based Film Incorporating Cassava Starch.

This paper reports the incorporation of cassava starch (CS) at various concentrations into a previously developed ZnO/SiO-semi-refined kappa carrageenan-based film (SRκC) bionanocomposite and evaluates its performance as minced chicken edible packaging. The incorporation of CS into SRκC-based films aims to provide multifunctional food packaging with enhanced surface morphology, thickness, mechanical properties, and transparency. The effect of the incorporation of various mixing ratios of CS and SRκC (CS:SRκC ratios of 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1) was investigated.

Development and Characterization of Semi-Refined Iota Carrageenan/SiO-ZnO Bionanocomposite Film with the Addition of Cassava Starch for Application on Minced Chicken Meat Packaging.

In the current study, film based on semi-refined ι-carrageenan/cassava starch (SRiC/CS) incorporated with SiO-ZnO nanoparticles was fabricated and characterized to deal with serious environmental problems resulting from plastic packaging materials. This study aimed to evaluate film properties with the variation of SRiC/CS proportions of bionanocomposite films for application to minced chicken meat packaging. Increasing CS portion contributed to increased transparency, reduced surface roughness, and decreased mechanical properties of films.

Enhanced multi functionality of semi-refined iota carrageenan as food packaging material by incorporating SiO and ZnO nanoparticles.

This paper reports the incorporation of SiO-ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) into semi-refined iota carrageenan-based (SRIC) film as active food packaging. The dispersion of the nanoparticles was performed using a bead milling method and the films were prepared using the solution casting method. The incorporation of SiO-ZnO NPs into SRIC films aims to provide multifunctional food packaging with enhanced water vapor barrier properties, UV-screening, and antimicrobial activity.

Antioxidant activity and quality attributes of white chocolate incorporated with Blume essential oil.

White chocolate is often considered as an unhealthy product with low phenolic content and antioxidant activity since it does not contain cocoa liquor. In this study, investigation on the phytochemical composition of cinnamon essential oil as well as its potential use to improve the antioxidant activity of white chocolate were carried out. The effect of the essential oil incorporation on the quality attributes of white chocolate was also examined.

Sensory and physicochemical characteristics of dark chocolate bar with addition of cinnamon () bark oleoresin microcapsule.

Indonesia is one of the world's most prominent producers of cocoa and cinnamon. Dark chocolate bars and are rich in antioxidants. The addition of a cinnamon oleoresin to a dark chocolate bar has not been previously studied due to its strong consistency and sticky texture.

Effect of drying and milling modes on the quality of white rice of an Indonesian long grain rice cultivar.

Background: Many studies have revealed the susceptibility of long grain rice to breaking during milling, while others have demonstrated the variation in the yield of head rice due to different rough rice drying methods. Thus, this study aims to determine appropriate drying and milling methods to improve the head rice yield and nutritional quality of long grain rice.

Methods: A series of drying experiments were performed on rough paddy rice employing shallow bed, oven and sun drying methods.

Interaction between natural antioxidants derived from cinnamon and cocoa in binary and complex mixtures.

Cinnamon and cocoa are known to be valuable sources of bioactive phytochemicals, mainly the polyphenols. This paper investigates the potential antioxidant activity of cinnamon and cocoa extract and the interaction of their mixtures by various in vitro tests. Moreover, the combination effect of their constituents in a binary mixture was studied.

Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of a novel lectin from the green alga, Codium barbatum.

A novel lectin (CBA) was isolated from the green alga, Codium barbatum, by conventional chromatographic methods. The hemagglutination-inhibition profile with sugars and glycoproteins indicated that CBA had preferential affinity for complex type N-glycans but not for monosaccharides, unlike the other known Codium lectins specific for N-acetylgalactosamine. CBA consisted of an SS-linked homodimer of a 9257-Da polypeptide containing seven cysteine residues, all of which were involved in disulfide linkages.