Associations of Small-Airway Disease with Exercise Intolerance and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Introduction: Small airway is reportedly more susceptible than central airways in heart failure (HF), which may cause poor outcomes. We investigated clinical significance of small-airway disease (SAD) on exercise intolerance and clinical events in patients with HF and reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods: We studied consecutive patients with HF admitted for medical treatment and measured maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) on spirometry and 6-min walking distance (6MWD) at hospital discharge.

Cross-sectional area of erector spinae muscles is associated with activities of daily living at discharge in middle- to older-aged patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Objectives: Measurement of skeletal muscle wasting using computed tomography (CT) is widely known to be useful in predicting prognosis. Although some reports have been found in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), few reports have focused on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). This study retrospectively investigated the relationship between the erector spinae muscle area measured from CT images and ADL at the time of hospital discharge in patients with COVID-19.