Vegetation-Specific Cooling Responses to Compact Urban Development: Evidence from a Landscape-Based Analysis in Nanjing, China.

The urban heat island (UHI) effect has emerged as a growing ecological challenge in compact urban environments. Although urban vegetation plays a vital role in mitigating thermal extremes, its cooling performance varies depending on vegetation type and urban morphological context. This study explores the extent to which compact urban development-quantified using the Mixed-use and Intensive Development (MIXD) index-modulates the cooling responses of different vegetation types in Nanjing, China.