Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor imaging with [F]ASEM for skeletal muscle denervation: A novel assessment for peripheral neuromuscular disorders.

Purpose: Despite its invasive and subjective nature, needle electromyography (nEMG) remains a standard method for evaluating peripheral nerve injuries. Increased alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7-nAChR) expression has been observed in an animal nerve injury model of muscle denervation. Hence, we used [F]ASEM positron emission tomography (PET) to investigate the temporal characteristics of alpha7-nAChR expression following skeletal muscle denervation, and tested the correlation between nerve injury severity and [F]ASEM PET uptake intensity.

Regular aerobic exercise ameliorates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis: An animal study.

Background And Purpose: A definitive treatment for radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF), a common side effect of radiation therapy for thoracic cancer, remains to be established. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs, including regular aerobic exercise, may ameliorate RIPF. However, a scientific basis supporting the protective effect of exercise against RIPF is lacking.

Tyndallized Lactobacillus plantarum HY7712 Restores Whole-Body γ-Irradiation-Impaired Th Cell Differentiation in Mice.

In the present study, we investigated the effect of tyndallized HY7712 (tHY7712) on the expression of Th cell specific transcription factors and cytokines in whole-body γ-irradiated mice. Oral administration of tHY7712 strongly recovered the γ-irradiation-suppressed expression of helper T (Th) cell- and regulatory T cell-related transcription factors and cytokines, such as T-bet, Foxp3, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10, and suppressed Th2 cell-associated transcription factor and cytokine GATA3 and IL-5, respectively. Furthermore, compared with the control, tHY7712 treatment also restored γ-irradiation-impaired natural killer and cytotoxic T cell activities against YAC-1 tumor cells to 97.

Soyasapogenol B and Genistein Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice by the Modulation of NF-κB-Mediated BDNF Expression.

Lactobacillus plantarum C29-fermented defatted soybean (FDS), which contains soyasaponins such as soyasaponin I (SI) and soyasapogenol B (SB) and isoflavones such as genistin (GE) and genistein (GT), attenuated memory impairment in mice. Moreover, in the preliminary study, FDS and its soyasaponins and isoflavones significantly inhibited NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated microglial BV2 cells. Therefore, we examined the effects of FDS and its constituents SI, SB, GT, and GE on LPS-induced memory impairment in mice.