How perioperative processes and patient-reported outcomes contribute to persistent postoperative opioid use: A cohort study linking clinical and health claims data.

Background: Opioid analgesics play a major role in perioperative pain management, yet their use can lead to persistent postoperative opioid use (PPOU), with significant societal and health costs. Patient-specific risk factors of PPOU are well described but little is known about factors that can be controlled by clinicians.

Objectives: To find PPOU risk factors among perioperative processes and pain-related patient-reported outcomes (PROs) on the first postoperative day.

Layer-specific changes in sensory cortex across the lifespan in mice and humans.

The segregation of processes into cortical layers is a convergent feature in animal evolution. However, how changes in the cortical layer architecture interact with sensory system function and dysfunction remains unclear. Here we conducted functional and structural layer-specific in vivo 7T magnetic resonance imaging of the primary somatosensory cortex in two cohorts of healthy younger and older adults.

Mental rotation is a weak measure of people's propensity to visualise.

In mental rotation (MR) tasks people can be asked to decide if pairs of objects depicted from different viewpoints are the same, or different. A common response strategy is to visualise one of the two objects rotating, until it is visualised from the same viewpoint as the other object. However, some people, Congenital Aphants, assert that they cannot visualise, and yet they perform similarly on MR tasks.