A new wearable device for supporting myopia epidemiology studies.

Significance: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide and is closely associated with nearwork. Reliable and objective estimates of nearwork, based on measuring the distance to a visual target, are limited to only a few commercially available wearable instruments that have limitations for laboratory research and large epidemiological studies.

Purpose: The aim was to design a fully controllable, low-cost, and low-energy-consumption wearable device and evaluate its accuracy, compare it with a commercially available device, and evaluate through simulations how this accuracy affects estimates of the amount of nearwork in different environmental conditions.

Bivalent prefusion F vaccination in pregnancy and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in infants in the UK: results of a multicentre, test-negative, case-control study.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in infants younger than 6 months globally. A maternal bivalent RSV prefusion F (RSVpreF) vaccine was introduced to the UK in late summer in 2024 (August 12 in Scotland and September 1 in England), with all pregnant women at 28 weeks or more of gestation eligible for vaccination. We aimed to understand RSVpreF vaccine effectiveness in a real-world setting.

Imbalanced TGFβ signalling and autophagy drive erythroid priming of hematopoietic stem cells in β-thalassemia.

The hematopoietic stem cell and multipotent progenitor (HSC/MPP) pool dynamically responds to stress to adapt blood output to specific physiological demands. In β-thalassemia (Bthal), severe anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis generate expansion of erythroid precursors and a chronic stress status in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. However, the response to the BM altered status at the level of the HSC/MPP compartment in terms of lineage commitment has not been investigated.

Sick of debt: How over-indebtedness is hampering health in rural Cambodia.

This paper evidences how many rural poor Cambodians are sick of debt. Based on original, mixed-method data (2020-2022), exploring credit provisioning in this context, the aim of this paper is to illuminate some of the conditions leading to rural Cambodians taking on debt to bolster their health, and the effects this is having on borrowers' physical, psychological, emotional and social health. Specifically, we show how the health of our participants is constrained by a range of major illnesses that many suffer from and their poor food conditions, both exacerbated by the effects of climate change.