Comparison of Outcomes of Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair With Early Versus Latest Generation MitraClip for Severe Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: The fourth-generation MitraClip G4 system is the latest version of the transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) system for mitral regurgitation (MR).

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the MitraClip G4 in the reduction of MR compared to the early-generation MitraClip.

Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing TEER for MR with either the early-generation or newer-generation MitraClip G4 from a single-centre registry.

Multi-Modal Profiling Reveals Contrasting Immunomodulatory Effects of Recreational Marijuana Used Alone or with Tobacco in Youth with HIV.

The evolving legal landscape has increased marijuana accessibility across the United States, including for medical use to manage clinical symptoms among people with HIV. The effects of marijuana use remain understudied in youth with HIV (YWH), who face lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) and an elevated risk of developing comorbidities. This study applied a multi-modal approach, including plasma biomarker analysis, peripheral blood cell phenotyping, and transcriptome profiling, to examine the effects of recreational marijuana alone, tobacco alone, or marijuana combined with tobacco in virally suppressed YWH (≤50 RNA copies/mL) on ART compared to youth without HIV and YWH who used no substance.

Alterations of the upper respiratory microbiome among children living with HIV infection in Botswana.

Children living with HIV (CLWH) are at high risk of colonization and infection by respiratory pathogens, though this risk can be reduced by other microbes in the upper respiratory microbiome. The impact of HIV infection on the pediatric upper respiratory microbiome is poorly understood, and we sought to address this knowledge gap by identifying associations between HIV infection and the nasopharyngeal microbiomes of Batswana children. We enrolled Batswana CLWH (<5 years) and age- and sex-matched HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children in a cross-sectional study.

Estimating scrub typhus and murine typhus incidence among adolescents and adults in Yangon, Myanmar.

Objectives: Rickettsioses are frequent causes of treatable febrile illness in Southeast Asia, including Myanmar. Accurate estimates of the incidence of rickettsioses are needed to inform investments in disease prevention and control. We sought to estimate the incidence of rickettsioses among adults and adolescents by combining sentinel hospital surveillance with a healthcare utilisation survey in Yangon, Myanmar.

Prevalence and risk factors for murine typhus, scrub typhus and spotted fever group rickettsioses among adolescent and adult patients presenting to Yangon General Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar.

Objectives: To inform patient management and disease prevention, we sought to estimate the prevalence of, and identify risk factors for, scrub typhus, murine typhus, and spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) among febrile patients presenting to hospital in Myanmar.

Methods: We recruited patients ≥12 years old with fever ≥38°C among those seeking care at Yangon General Hospital from 5 October 2015 through 4 October 2016. Standardised clinical and risk factor assessments were conducted.