Laser damage of UV hafnia-based multilayer dielectric coatings at 355 nm wavelength.

Megajoule ultraviolet nanosecond pulses were used to demonstrate ignition at the National Ignition Facility in December 2022 [Nature601, 542 (2022)10.1038/s41586-021-04281-w]. The energy scaling of laser fusion drivers relies, in part, on significant improvements in the UV multilayer dielectric (MLD) coatings, which are critical optics in the laser architecture.

Phospholipid scramblase Xkr8 is required for developmental axon pruning via phosphatidylserine exposure.

The mature mammalian brain connectome emerges during development via the extension and pruning of neuronal connections. Glial cells have been identified as key players in the phagocytic elimination of neuronal synapses and projections. Recently, phosphatidylserine has been identified as neuronal "eat-me" signal that guides elimination of unnecessary input sources, but the associated transduction systems involved in such pruning are yet to be described.

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Tissue miR-146b, -21, -221, -222, -181b Expression in Relation with Clinicopathological Features.

We analyzed miR-146b, miR-21, miR-221, miR-21, and miR-181b in formalin fixed paraffin-embedded papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissue samples of 312 individuals and evaluated their expression relationship with clinicopathological parameters. A higher expression of miR-21 was related to unifocal lesions ( < 0.011) and autoimmune thyroiditis (0.

Different stability of miRNAs and endogenous control genes in archival specimens of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The most popular miRNA quantitation technique is RQ-PCR with relative gene expression method that requires an endogenous control (EC) gene for data normalization. However, there are insufficient data and selection criteria on the most suitable ECs for miRNA expression studies in many cancer types including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Therefore, in this study we evaluated the impact of chosen EC and archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) PTC tissue age on estimated target miRNA expression.

Plasma-Derived miRNA-222 as a Candidate Marker for Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

We analyzed five miRNA molecules (miR-221; miR-222; miR-146b; miR-21; miR-181b) in the plasma of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), nodular goiter (NG) and healthy controls (HC) and evaluated their diagnostic value for differentiation of PTC from NG and HC. Preoperative PTC plasma miRNA expression ( = 49) was compared with plasma miRNA in the HC group ( = 57) and patients with NG ( = 23). It was demonstrated that miR-221; miR-222; miR-146b; miR-21 and miR-181b were overexpressed in preoperative PTC plasma samples compared to HC ( < 0.