The Criminalization of Surrogacy in Italy: Legal Framework, Ethical Tensions, and European Perspectives.

Objectives: Surrogacy remains one of the most contentious topics in contemporary reproductive law, sparking intense debate across legal, ethical, and social spheres. In Italy, the recent introduction of universal criminal jurisdiction has considerably tightened the regulatory framework, extending criminal liability to acts committed abroad by Italian citizens. This legislative development raises significant concerns, particularly in relation to the principles of legality, proportionality, and harm, as well as its implications for safeguarding the best interests of the child.

Oral Metastasis From Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: Report of a New Case and a Scoping Review.

This study is aimed at describing an unusual case of oral metastasis from colorectal adenocarcinoma and at performing a scoping review analyzing the available literature on such cases. We present a rare case of oral metastasis from colorectal adenocarcinoma in a 37-year-old Italian woman. Clinical oral examination showed the presence of a swollen lesion in the vestibular gingiva of the right mandibular region, associated with Grade III mobility of the second premolar.

A population of faint, old, and massive quiescent galaxies at [Formula: see text] revealed by JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy.

Here we present a sample of 12 massive quiescent galaxy candidates at [Formula: see text] observed with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). These galaxies were pre-selected from the Hubble Space Telescope imaging and 10 of our sources were unable to be spectroscopically confirmed by ground based spectroscopy. By combining spectroscopic data from NIRSpec with multi-wavelength imaging data from the JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam), we analyse their stellar populations and their formation histories.

A high black-hole-to-host mass ratio in a lensed AGN in the early Universe.

Early JWST observations have uncovered a population of red sources that might represent a previously overlooked phase of supermassive black hole growth. One of the most intriguing examples is an extremely red, point-like object that was found to be triply imaged by the strong lensing cluster Abell 2744 (ref. ).