IL-36 signaling as a drug target in Crohn's disease patients with IL36RN mutations.

The IL-36 signaling pathway has recently been identified as a key regulator of intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. However, the role of mutations in the IL-36R signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. We here identified four Crohn's disease patients with heterozygous missense mutations in the IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL36RN, IL-36RA).

Collagen architecture in triple negative breast cancer.

This study evaluated collagen properties in TNBC samples collected from different racial groups to determine the presence of variance in matrix architecture. African American (AA) breast cancer patients have a significantly higher mortality rate and nearly a three-fold increased prevalence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) when compared to Caucasian (C) patients. The extracellular matrix region surrounding tumors contains abundant collagen fibers, and these fibers undergo remodeling throughout cancer progression, promote metastasis, and impede treatment response.

Dynamic changes in macrophage populations and resulting alterations in Prostaglandin E sensitivity in mice with diet-induced MASH.

Background: The transition from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation, involving activation of resident macrophages (Kupffer cells; KC) and recruitment of infiltrating macrophages. Macrophages produce cytokines and, after induction of Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the key enzyme of prostanoid synthesis, prostaglandin E (PGE). PGE modulates cytokine production in an autocrine and paracrine manner, therefore playing a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory processes.

The 3-Minute Diagnostic Confusion Assessment Method severity score correlates with the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 and with biomarkers of delirium.

Background: Several methods are used to measure delirium severity in the postoperative period. Here, we compare severity scores from two common assessment methods: the 3-Minute Diagnostic Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM) and the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS).

Methods: Data were collected as part of an ongoing observational cohort study of perioperative delirium in patients >65 yr old undergoing major elective surgery with an anticipated hospital stay of at least 2 days.

Comprehensive analysis of B cell repopulation in ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis by mass cytometry and proteomics.

Ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 antibody, depletes CD20 B cells, which subsequently repopulate over months. Little is known about changes in other immune cell populations and molecular markers associated with B cell repopulation. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of immune cells from ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using mass cytometry.