Chemistry of Sugar Formation in the Gas Phase: Following the Activated Aldehyde.

Sugars are produced by living organisms, and are required building blocks for life as we know it, which raises the foundational question of how sugars formed in a prebiotic environment. The abiotic formose reaction produces sugars from formaldehyde, but our understanding of its initiation step remains murky, with chemists invoking the concept of an "activated aldehyde" to seed this reaction. Singlet hydroxycarbenes, high-energy isomers of aldehydes, were recently reported to facilitate sugar formation under cold, nonaqueous conditions relevant to interstellar environments.

Exploring the factors that influence engagement with and experiences of integrated care for adults at risk of cardiovascular disease and mild-to-moderate mental health concerns in the UK (OptICS): a systematic review protocol.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of premature death globally. CVD is expensive to treat and therefore carries a significant cost for public healthcare systems and the people in them. Those most likely to develop CVD often report co-occurring mental health concerns such as depression and anxiety, in addition to behavioural factors (e.

Prophylactic manual rotation of the fetal head (manual rotation alone) to reduce operative delivery and complications for mother and babies.

Rationale: Manual rotation of the fetal head for women with fetal malpresentation (occipital posterior (OP) or occipital transverse (OT)) is commonly performed to increase the chances of normal vaginal delivery and is perceived to be safe. Prophylactic manual rotation has the potential to prevent operative delivery and caesarean section, and reduce obstetric and neonatal complications. This review updates a previous 2014 Cochrane review.

Treatment and control of blood pressure in Welsh patients with and without depression: A study of whole-population electronic health records.

Background: To explore differences in blood pressure treatment and control in patients with and without depression and a diagnosis of hypertension (HTN). Also to examine the possible impact of sex, socio-economic status (deprivation) and location of residence on any differences.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study (2010-2019) using individual level linked anonymised routinely-collected electronic health record (EHR) data sources was carried out.

Mortality and hospital admissions in people with eating disorders: longitudinal cohort study in secondary care-linked English primary care records.

Background: Research on mortality and admissions for physical health problems across eating disorder diagnoses in representative settings is scarce. Inequalities in these outcomes across a range of sociodemographic characteristics have rarely been investigated.

Aims: We investigated whether people with eating disorders had greater all-cause mortality and physical health-related in-patient admissions compared with those without eating disorders, and whether associations varied by sex, ethnicity, deprivation, age and calendar year at diagnosis.