Probiotics Co-administered with LCM Enhance Antiepileptic Efficacy in the Experimental Post-traumatic Epilepsy Model.

The aim of the presented study was to investigate the effects of prebiotic inulin, probiotic VSL#3 (mixture of bacteria from 7 different species and 8 strains) and synbiotic (inulin + VSL#3) supplements applied together with lacosamide (LCM) on post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). In addition, effectiveness of the relevant treatments on comorbid problems related to learning and memory, anxiety, motor performance and pain threshold that may develop together with seizures due to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and PTE was also examined using behavioral tests. In experiments, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, were given 30 mg/kg LCM or 1000 mg/kg inulin together with LCM as prebiotic, VSL#3 mixture containing 10 × 10 CFU/kg bacterial colonies as probiotic and (inulin + VSL#3) as synbiotic for 28 days by oral gavage after mild-TBI was induced by weight-drop method and electroencephalogram electrodes were placed.

Experimental study of the effects of diazepam on vasospasm in a subarachnoid rat model through pathological and biochemical analysis.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), characterized by bleeding in the subarachnoid space, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, primarily due to cerebral vasospasm. Recent studies suggest oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in vasospasm pathogenesis. This study investigates the effects of diazepam, a benzodiazepine with vasodilatory properties, in a rat SAH model.

Microscopic, stereological, and biochemical investigation of the effects of vitamin B12 on vascular changes in an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model in rats.

Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe neurological condition with significant morbidity and mortality. Cerebral vasospasm, a common complication of SAH, is a leading cause of delayed ischemic injury. Oxidative stress and inflammation are central to the pathophysiology of vasospasm.

Effective Protection Against Status Epilepticus Caused by Lithium-Pilocarpine: Combination of Midazolam and Lacosamide.

Aim: Status epilepticus causes the most severe condition related to epilepsy in terms of high mortality rate. Although status epilepticus treatment guidelines specify a treatment process based on three-stage monotherapy, effective control cannot yet be achieved in all cases. In the presented study, with electrophysiological and behavioral tests, it was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the combination of midazolam (MDZ), one of the most commonly used benzodiazepines in the first-line treatment of status epilepticus, with the second-line antiepileptics levetiracetam (LEV), lacosamide (LCM), valproic acid (VPA), and fosphenytoin (fPHT).

Melatonin and Methylprednisolone Combination Ameliorates Inflammation and Enhances Recovery After Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury.

This sham-controlled animal study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin and methylprednisolone combination on motor function, nerve conduction and histopathological and biochemical findings in rats with sciatic nerve crush injury. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 8): CT: control, VEH: sciatic nerve injury, LMP: 15-mg/kg methylprednisolone, high-dose methylprednisolone (HMP): 30-mg/kg methylprednisolone, MEL: 15-mg/kg melatonin, MMP: 15-mg/kg methylprednisolone+15-mg/kg melatonin. The rats were evaluated with Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), nerve conduction study, interleukin-1β (IL-1ß), nerve growth factor (NGF), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and histopathological scores.

Antihyperalgesic effects of gabapentin and levetiracetam in a model of post-traumatic epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of levetiracetam (LEV) and gabapentin (GBP) on mechanical and thermal pain thresholds, as well as n-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjuvant, in the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) model after mild-traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Methods: Animals were randomly divided into 7 groups (Control, PTE, PTE+LEV, PTE+GBP, PTE+NAC, PTE+LEV+NAC and PTE+GBP+NAC). Rats received 50 mg kg-1 LEV, 100 mg kg-1 GBP, and combinations of these antiepileptics with 100 mg kg-1 NAC for 14 days after TBI.

Investigation of the Protective Effects of Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam, Propofol, and Intralipid on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Lidocaine-Induced Toxicity.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, propofol, and intralipid on lidocaine-induced cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity.

Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8 per group): control (C), lidocaine (L), lidocaine + dexmedetomidine (LD), lidocaine + midazolam (LM), lidocaine + propofol (LP), and lidocaine + intralipid (LI). Dexmedetomidine (100 µg/kg), midazolam (4 mg/kg), propofol (40 mg/kg), and intralipid (10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally as pretreatment.

Extracellular Matrix Alterations Due to Early-Life Adversity: Implications for Auditory Learning in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of early childhood chronic stress on the development of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) and how alterations in the ECM following early-life adversity (ELA) affect auditory learning and cognitive flexibility. ELA was induced through a combination of maternal separation and neonatal isolation in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the success of the ELA model was assessed behaviorally and biochemically. A cortex-dependent go/no-go task with two phases was used to determine the impact of ELA on auditory learning and cognitive flexibility.

Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan and Dapagliflozin on Cardiac Functions and Exercise Capacity of Rats.

Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated the positive effects of sacubitril/valsartan and dapagliflozin on cardiac prognosis and performance. These drugs have the potential to be misused as doping agents by professional athletes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sacubitril/valsartan and dapagliflozin on athletic performance.

Efficacy of Low-Dose Ketamine and Propofol in the Treatment of Experimental Refractory Status Epilepticus on Male Rats.

Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a condition with serious mortality and morbidity rate, resistant to benzodiazepine and second-line antiepileptic drugs. This study aimed to electrophysiologically investigate the combination of NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine and GABAergic agent propofol in an RSE model induced by lithium-pilocarpine in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nine groups.

Effects of Different Crystalloid Fluids on Renal Tissue in an Experimental Model of Hemorrhagic Shock.

Objective: The type of fluid that should be used in uncontrollable hemorrhages remains an area of research. This study was designed to compare the effects of resuscitation with Ringer's lactate (RL) solution versus a normal saline (NS) solution on hemodynamics, renal tissue histopathology, coagulation, and apoptosis in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: The study employed groups designated as the control, hemorrhage, NS, and RL groups.

The effects of hydroxyethyl starch and gelatine on lung tissue and coagulation during the resuscitation of rats with traumatic haemorrhagic shock.

Introduction: This study was constructed to compare the effects of resuscitation with gelatine and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on coagulopathy, haemodynamics, and tissue damage during an uncontrolled haemorrhagic shock model in rats.

Material And Methods: Twenty 6-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study and divided into 4 groups. There was no haemorrhage in the sham group.

Combination Therapy of Gabapentin and N-Acetylcysteine Against Posttraumatic Epilepsy in Rats.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem worldwide that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the sequelae of TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjuvant on the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) and gabapentin (GBP) in PTE model encouraged by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) after mild-TBI in male Sprague-Dawley rats.