Effect of Phosphate Phase Incorporation on 3D-Printed Hydrogel Scaffolds: Towards Customizable Bone Graft Materials.

Bone defects remain a significant clinical challenge, creating a severe need for advanced biomaterials for tissue regeneration. This study addresses this issue by developing 3D-printed composite hydrogels containing alginate, gelatine, and resorbable calcium phosphates (monetite and brushite) for bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds were fabricated using extrusion-based 3D printing and evaluated for their morphology, porosity, mechanical strength, swelling, degradation, and in vitro mineralization, while their cytocompatibility was assessed using LIVE/DEAD cell viability assays.

Developing Bioengineered 3D-Printed Composite Scaffolds with Antimicrobial Potential for Bone Tissue Regeneration.

This research activity proposes to produce composite hydrogel-bioactive glass. The primary purpose of this research is to develop and optimize 3D-printed scaffolds using doped bioglass, aimed at enhancing bone regeneration in bone defects. The bioglass, a bioactive material known for its bone-bonding ability (SiO-PO-CaO-NaO), co-doped with europium and silver was synthesized and doped to improve its biological properties.

The role of CDX2, MUC5AC, and p53 in the evaluation of the progression of serrated lesions toward colorectal carcinoma.

Background: Serrated colorectal lesions represent a potential precursor of 15-30% of colorectal carcinoma, although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. The serrated pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis may be correlated with gastric-type metaplasia of the colon and modified expression of caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and local mucins (MUCs).

Patients, Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients with resected polyps during 2014-2021.

Hematomyelia after epidural anesthesia: a rare complication with putative multifactorial and occult etiology.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and spinal hematomas are considered serious but rare complications of spinal pathology. They occur after spinal anesthesia, especially in patients with risk factors such as autoimmune diseases, blood coagulation pathology, anticoagulant treatment, vascular malformations, intramedullary or spinal cord tumors, or can be multifactorial. Usually, anticoagulant therapy represents an additional factor regarding spinal SAH (SSAH) or spinal hematomas.

Gestational trophoblastic diseases - literature review and atypical case reports.

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) arises from the abnormal development of trophoblastic tissue and encompasses a wide range of benign and malignant conditions. There is evidence that malignant transformation can occur in atypical areas of the placenta. A complete diagnosis of GTD involves assessing the signs and symptoms, with the most common being vaginal bleeding and pelvic-abdominal pain, alongside laboratory data and variations in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels.

Bacterial Cellulose-Based Nanocomposites for Wound Healing Applications.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a polysaccharide produced by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with a strictly aerobic metabolism, having a huge number of significant applications in the biomedical field. This study investigates the development of bacterial cellulose (BC)-based composite systems that incorporate cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) used as antibacterial agents to enhance wound healing, particularly for burn treatments. The innovation of this study resides in the integration of CeO NPs synthesized by using a precipitation method using both chemical and reducing agents, ammonium hydroxide (NHOH) and turmeric extract (TE), in BC membranes composed of ultrathin nanofibers interwoven into a three-dimensional network appearing as a hydrogel mass.

Cells proliferation on surfaces functionalized with amyloid beta peptide fibrils.

Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates are well-established biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, though the complete etiology of this disorder remains elusive. Developing biointerfaces to elucidate the physiological roles of these peptides is essential. This study investigates the aggregation, fibrillation, and interaction of Aβ peptides with conductive, biocompatible nanostructured materials designed for applications involving neuronal cells.

Morphopathology of the lesions induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection spread rapidly from China around the world, causing the worst pandemic since the beginning of the 21st century. Although the disease named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has multiple organ symptoms, the main pathological lesions occur in the lung, causing respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, secondary bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis. Despite the best efforts of researchers, the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular and tissue damage in organs and systems is poorly understood.

Comprehensive insights into Pindborg tumor: etiology, advanced diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies - review of literature.

Pindborg tumor is a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor possibly arising from developmental disturbances in dental lamina remnants. It predominantly affects individuals in their third decade of life, with women also experiencing later onset. The tumor exists in two forms, namely intraosseous (central) and extraosseous (peripheral), with the former showing higher post-surgery recurrence rates of about 14%.

Antimicrobial Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Bacterial Cellulose Composites Loaded with Green Synthesized ZnO and Ag Nanoparticles for Food Packaging.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has earned a well-defined place among biopolymers due to its unique physicochemical properties. Unfortunately, native BC lacks antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. To address this limitation, many BC-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial properties have been developed, primarily for applications in the biomedical field, but also for use in food packaging.

New Antimicrobial Materials Based on Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride for Urinary Catheters: Preparation and Testing.

Given the constant increased number of nosocomial infections in hospitals, especially associated with prolonged usage of inserted medical devices, our work aims to ameliorate clinical experience and promote faster healing of patients undergoing urinary catheterization by improving the properties of medical devices materials. Within this research, nine different composites were prepared based on polyvinyl chloride, using three different plasticizers (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Proviplast 2646, and Proviplast 2755), and two different antimicrobial additives containing silver nanoparticles. The prepared materials were analyzed, and their physicochemical properties were determined: water absorption, relative density, plasticizer migration, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity by contact angle measurement, Shore A hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break.

The influence of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system elements and on the placental structure. Clinical, histological and immunohistochemical study.

Background: The effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy remain relatively unknown.

Aim: We present this original paper where we analyzed 60 parturients, at term, 30 without associated infection (C-) and 30 with associated infection (C+), present at birth.

Methods: We analyzed the blood count and placental microscopic structure through classical and immunohistochemical staining and observed the placental areas affected by the presence of SARS-CoV-2.

The Effect of Silver and Samarium on the Properties of Bioglass Coatings Produced by Pulsed Laser Deposition and Spin Coating.

The current study reports the use of silver (Ag) and samarium (Sm) as dopants to improve the properties of standard bioglass in terms of biological performance. This experiment considers thin films of doped bioglass obtained by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and spin coating (SC). For both methods, some parameters were gradually varied, as the main objective was to produce a bioglass that could be used in biomedical fields.

Correlations of Serum Vitamin D Level with Markers of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Liver Cirrhosis.

In this study we investigated the relationship between vitamin D and markers of oxidative stress and apoptosis in patients with liver cirrhosis stratified according serum GGT activity. Forty-eight patients with liver cirrhosis of various aetiology were selected, among which 58% cases (n=28) diagnosed with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and 42% (n=20) with cirrhosis after hepatitis virus infection. Each group was divided into three quartiles according GGT activity.

Development and Characterization of Electrospun Composites Built on Polycaprolactone and Cerium-Containing Phases.

The current study reports on the fabrication of composite scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and cerium (Ce)-containing powders, followed by their characterization from compositional, structural, morphological, optical and biological points of view. First, CeO, Ce-doped calcium phosphates and Ce-substituted bioglass were synthesized by wet-chemistry methods (precipitation/coprecipitation and sol-gel) and subsequently loaded on PCL fibres processed by electrospinning. The powders were proven to be nanometric or micrometric, while the investigation of their phase composition showed that Ce was present as a dopant within the crystal lattice of the obtained calcium phosphates or as crystalline domains inside the glassy matrix.

Involvement of TLR9 in priming the immune response in oral papillomatosis induced by low-risk HPV.

Oral papillomatosis represents a benign lesion of the oral mucosa often induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) or having a non-infection local or general etiology. HPVs are very well adapted and efficient viruses able to produce changes in the immune system, endowed with the ability to replicate in the keratinocytes and to remain silent. The natural evolution of HPV infection is different, depending on the efficiency of the innate immune system.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Blackberry Seed Oil: Optimization and Oil Characterization.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract oil from blackberry (BB) seeds. The effect of UAE conditions on oil recovery and quality was investigated. Favorable experimental conditions (ultrasound intensity (UI), extraction temperature, and time) were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).

Bacterial Cellulose-Carboxymethylcellulose Composite Loaded with Turmeric Extract for Antimicrobial Wound Dressing Applications.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer whose properties have been intensively studied, especially for biomedical applications. Since BC has no antimicrobial activity, it is necessary to use bioactive substances for developing wound healing applications. Another drawback of BC is the loss if its water retention capacity after dehydration.

Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Composites with Calcium Phosphate for Bone Tissue Regeneration.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a unique microbial biopolymer with a huge number of significant applications in the biomedical field, including bone tissue engineering. The present study proposes to obtain and characterize BC hybrid composites with calcium phosphate as biocompatible and bioactive membranes for bone tissue engineering. BC precursor membranes were obtained in static culture fermentation, and after purification, were oxidized to obtain 2,3-dialdehyde bacterial cellulose (DABC).

Composite Fibers Based on Polycaprolactone and Calcium Magnesium Silicate Powders for Tissue Engineering Applications.

The present work reports the synthesis and characterization of polycaprolactone fibers loaded with particulate calcium magnesium silicates, to form composite materials with bioresorbable and bioactive properties. The inorganic powders were achieved through a sol-gel method, starting from the compositions of diopside, akermanite, and merwinite, three mineral phases with suitable features for the field of hard tissue engineering. The fibrous composites were fabricated by electrospinning polymeric solutions with a content of 16% polycaprolactone and 5 or 10% inorganic powder.

Processing of Calcium Magnesium Silicates by the Sol-Gel Route.

In this work, calcium magnesium silicate ceramics were processed through the sol-gel method in order to study the crystalline and morphological properties of the resulting materials in correlation with the compositional and thermal parameters. Tetraethyl orthosilicate and calcium/magnesium nitrates were employed as sources of cations, in ratios specific to diopside, akermanite and merwinite; they were further subjected to gelation, calcination (600 °C) and thermal treatments at different temperatures (800, 1000 and 1300 °C). The properties of the intermediate and final materials were investigated by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement.

Oral Papillomatosis: Its Relation with Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Local Immunity-An Update.

Oral papilloma lesions may appear as a result of HPV infection, or not, and only special molecular methods could differentiate them. Low-risk and high-risk HPV types could induce oral HPV papillomatosis with different natural evolution, clearance and persistence mechanisms. The pathogenic mechanisms are based on the crosstalk between the oral epithelial and immune cells and this very efficient virus.

Fabrication of a magnetic nanocarrier for doxorubicin delivery based on hyperbranched polyglycerol and carboxymethyl cellulose: An investigation on the effect of borax cross-linker on pH-sensitivity.

A new core-shell pH-responsive nanocarrier was prepared based on magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) core. Magnetic nanoparticles were first modified with hyperbranched polyglycerol as the first shell. Then the magnetic core was decorated with doxorubicin anticancer drug (DOX) and covered with PEGylated carboxymethylcellulose as the second shell.