Mapping the health outcomes of menstrual inequity: a comprehensive scoping review.

Introduction: Menstrual inequity refers to the systematic and avoidable differences experienced by women and people who menstruate, based on having a menstrual cycle and menstruating. Given the paucity of prior research examining the impact of menstrual inequity on health, a scoping review was conducted to explore and map out the menstrual inequities and their association with health outcomes in women and people who menstruate within the published academic literature.

Methodology: Two searches were conducted in May 2022 and March 2024 in PubMed and Scopus.

Incidence trends and clinical management of self-harm in adolescents and young adults in catalonia: primary care cohort study (2013-2022).

This study investigates trends in the incidence and clinical management of self-harm among adolescents and young adults in Catalonia from 2013 to 2022, using data from the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP). A population-based cohort analysis was conducted to examine temporal trends, demographic inequalities, and clinical care patterns. The study population comprised 1,707,471 eligible individuals aged 10 to 24, contributing 8,868,472 person-years of observation.

Risk perception and coping mechanisms by gender identity and education level during the COVID-19 syndemic in Spain.

Background: It is important to have a detailed understanding of the association between risk perception, coping mechanisms, and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 syndemic across axes of inequity such as gender identity and education level.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 2,066 adults (≥ 18 years) living in Spain via an online survey from April 8 to May 28, 2021. Anxiety and depression were the main outcomes considered to assess mental health, measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 item (PHQ-9), respectively.

Factors associated with the increased consumption of sugary beverages and fast-food during Chile's first COVID-19 lockdown.

Introduction: The impact of confinement on eating habits has been associated with mental health, gender, and socioeconomic status. This study examined the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food during the COVID-19 confinement period in Chile, a country with a history of high consumption of processed foods.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was done from responses obtained through an online survey between May and August 2020.

"If everyone comes together, many things can be changed": A qualitative study on men's perspectives on menstrual health and equity in the Barcelona area (Spain).

There is a paucity of research exploring how men and individuals who do not menstruate comprehend menstrual health and equity. The objective of this study was to explore the conceptualization and attitudes towards menstruation and the menstrual cycle among men and people who do not menstruate aged between 18 and 55 in the Barcelona area. Furthermore, it examined their involvement in menstrual health and equity initiatives.

Syndemic, mental health and living with dependent persons in Latin America and Spain: a study with a gender perspective.

Objective: To analyze the sociostructural determinants associated with mental health problems during the lockdown period among populations residing in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain who lived with minors or dependents, approached from a gender perspective.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six participating countries via an adapted, self-managed online survey. People living with minors and/or dependents were selected.

Designing a multicomponent intervention to support caregivers of persons with dementia in primary care in Spain: a qualitative study of family and professional carers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore experiences of family and professional caregivers of persons with dementia in order to design a tailored community-based support programme.

Design: A two-stage study was deployed. First, qualitative research draws on three focus groups.

Temporal trends and social inequities in adolescent and young adult mental health disorders in Catalonia, Spain: a 2008-2022 primary care cohort study.

Background: The prevalence of mental health disorders in children, teens, and young adults is rising at an alarming rate. This study aims to explore time trends in the incidence of mental disorders among young people in Catalonia, Spain from 2008 to 2022, focusing on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and from the perspective of social inequities.

Methods: A cohort study using primary care records from the SIDIAP database was conducted.

Delivering an innovative multi-infection and female genital mutilation screening to high-risk migrant populations (ISMiHealth): study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial with embedded process evaluation.

Introduction: ISMiHealth is a clinical decision support system, integrated as a software tool in the electronic health record system of primary care, that aims to improve the screening performance on infectious diseases and female genital mutilation (FGM) in migrants. The aim of this study is to assess the health impact of the tool and to perform a process evaluation of its feasibility and acceptability when implemented in primary care in Catalonia (Spain).

Methods And Analysis: This study is a cluster randomised control trial where 35 primary care centres in Catalonia, Spain will be allocated into one of the two groups: intervention and control.

An intersectional approach on menstrual inequity as lived by women in circumstances of socioeconomic vulnerability in an urban and rural setting in Spain: a qualitative study.

Since menstrual health and menstrual inequity are determined by social power structures, this study proposes to analyse, from an intersectional perspective, the experiences of menstrual inequity of women and people who menstruate (PWM) (18 years) under circumstances of socioeconomic vulnerability in an urban and rural setting in Catalonia (Spain), focusing on menstrual poverty, menstrual management and access to health care for menstrual health. An exploratory and interpretative qualitative study was conducted. Venue-based convenience sampling was carried out, recruiting women from a non-governmental organisation and a primary health care centre.

[Menstrual experiences and acceptability of a menstrual equity intervention among adolescents in Catalonia (Spain)].

Objective: To explore menstrual knowledge, menstrual management, the use of menstrual products, the prevalence of menstrual poverty and to assess the acceptability of a menstrual equity intervention among students in the fourth grade of compulsory secondary education in Catalonia (Spain).

Method: Post-intervention mixed-methods study (cross-sectional study and qualitative study with focus groups) with a critical and gender perspective. It was conducted between July 2022 and March 2023.

Menstrual characteristics and associations with sociodemographic factors and self-rated health in Spain: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Evidence on how menstrual characteristics may differ based on socioeconomic factors and self-rated health is significantly scarce. The main aim of this study was to investigate the associations between menstrual characteristics, sociodemographic factors and self-rated health among women and people who menstruate (PWM) aged 18-55 in Spain.

Methods: This cross-sectional study includes data from an online survey collected in March-July 2021 across Spain.

Characterisation, symptom pattern and symptom clusters from a retrospective cohort of Long COVID patients in primary care in Catalonia.

Background: Around 10% of people infected by SARS-COV-2 report symptoms that persist longer than 3 months. Little has been reported about sex differences in symptoms and clustering over time of non-hospitalised patients in primary care settings.

Methods: This is a descriptive study of a cohort of mainly non-hospitalized patients with a persistence of symptoms longer than 3 months from the clinical onset in co-creation with the Long Covid Catalan affected group using an online survey.

Perspectives on menstrual policymaking and community-based actions in Catalonia (Spain): a qualitative study.

Background: Menstrual research and policymaking have become imperative worldwide. It is necessary that these are informed by women and people who menstruate (PWM) alongside expert professionals and activists.

Methods: The main aim of this study was to identify and propose policies and community-based actions to address menstrual inequity and promote menstrual health in Catalonia (Spain).

Role of personal aptitudes as determinants of incident morbidity, lifestyles, quality of life, use of the health services and mortality (DESVELA cohort): qualitative study protocol for a prospective cohort study in a hybrid analysis.

Introduction: Maintaining or acquiring healthier health-oriented behaviours and promoting physical and mental health amongst the Spanish population is a significant challenge for Primary Health Care. Although the role of personal aptitudes (characteristics of each individual) in influencing health behaviours is not yet clear, these factors, in conjunction with social determinants such as gender and social class, can create axes of social inequity that affect individuals' opportunities to engage in health-oriented behaviours. Additionally, lack of access to health-related resources and opportunities can further exacerbate the issue for individuals with healthy personal aptitudes.

Menstruation and social inequities in Spain: a cross-sectional online survey-based study.

Background: Available research suggests that menstrual inequity has an impact on (menstrual) health outcomes and emotional wellbeing. It is also a significant barrier to achieve social and gender equity and compromises human rights and social justice. The aim of this study was to describe menstrual inequities and their associations with sociodemographic factors, among women and people who menstruate (PWM) aged 18-55 in Spain.

Social Inequalities in Mental Health and Self-Perceived Health in the First Wave of COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America and Spain: Results of an Online Observational Study.

COVID-19 lockdowns greatly affected the mental health of populations and collectives. This study compares the mental health and self-perceived health in five countries of Latin America and Spain, during the first wave of COVID 19 lockdown, according to social axes of inequality. This was a cross-sectional study using an online, self-managed survey in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain.

Menstrual health and management during the COVID-19 syndemic in the Barcelona area (Spain): A qualitative study.

Background: Available evidence suggests that menstrual health and management have been impaired during the COVID-19 syndemic. However, research in this area is scarce, and it is failing to voice the experiences of women and people who menstruate regarding their menstrual experiences.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the experiences of menstrual health and menstrual management among women and people who menstruate in the Barcelona area (Spain) during the COVID-19 syndemic.

[Narratives on changes in health-related behaviours during lockdown in Spain according to gender].

Objective: To explore experiences related to health-oriented behaviours during lockdown in the Spanish resident population from a gender perspective.

Method: Qualitative research with a critical and feminist approach. Twenty-nine semi-structured interviews (17 women and 12 men) were conducted between June and July 2020 via telephone with people who had previously answered an online survey.

Axes of social inequities in COVID-19 clinical trials: A systematic review.

Objective: The representativeness of participants is crucial to ensure external validity of clinical trials. We focused on the randomized clinical trials which assessed COVID-19 vaccines to assess the reporting of age, sex, gender identity, race, ethnicity, obesity, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status in the results (description of the participants' characteristics, loss of follow-up, stratification of efficacy and safety results).

Methods: We searched the following databases for randomized clinical trials published before 1st February 2022: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Excerpta Medica.

Determinants of self-reported health status during COVID-19 lockdown among surveyed Ecuadorian population: A cross sectional study.

Objective: To examine the associations of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors with depression, anxiety, and self-reported health status during the COVID-19 lockdown in Ecuador. We also assessed the differences in these associations between women and men.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted a cross-sectional survey between July to October 2020 to adults who were living in Ecuador between March to October 2020.

Spanish residents' experiences of care during the first wave of the COVID-19 syndemic: a photo-elicitation study.

Purpose: The main aim of this research was to explore experiences of care during the lockdown of the first wave of COVID-19 syndemic in Spain.

Methods: This is a qualitative and explorative study using self-photo-elicitation as a data collection method. Fifteen participants (Twelve women and three men) shared 25 photographs and one video between the June 18 and August, 2020.