Journal Club: Cancer Risk Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A 10-Year Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.

This journal club article discusses the strengths and limitations of a study from Pierret et al., which examined cancer risk for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Before this study, the relationship between MS and cancer risk was unclear because some studies suggested an increased risk while others indicated a decreased risk, highlighting a significant knowledge gap in understanding this complex connection.

Bisphosphonium Benzene Diimides.

The incorporation of cationic groups onto electron-poor compounds is a viable strategy for achieving potent electron acceptors, as evidenced by reports of air-stable radical forms of large aromatic diimides such as naphthalene and perylene diimides. These ions have also been observed to exhibit anion-π interaction tendencies of interest in molecular recognition applications. The benefits of phosphonium incorporation, however, have not yet been extended to the smallest benzene diimides.

Development of the Squaramide Scaffold for High Potential and Multielectron Catholytes for Use in Redox Flow Batteries.

Nonaqueous organic redox flow batteries (N-ORFBs) are a promising technology for grid-scale storage of energy generated from intermittent renewable sources. Their primary benefit over traditional aqueous RFBs is the wide electrochemical stability window of organic solvents, but the design of catholyte materials, which can exploit the upper range of this window, has proven challenging. We report herein a new class of N-ORFB catholytes in the form of squaric acid quinoxaline (SQX) and squaric acid amide (SQA) materials.

Retrospective validation of MetaSystems' deep-learning-based digital microscopy platform with assistance compared to manual fluorescence microscopy for detection of mycobacteria.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to validate Metasystems' automated acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear microscopy scanning and deep-learning-based image analysis module (Neon Metafer) with assistance on respiratory and pleural samples, compared to conventional manual fluorescence microscopy (MM). Analytical parameters were assessed first, followed by a retrospective validation study. In all, 320 archived auramine-O-stained slides selected non-consecutively [85 originally reported as AFB-smear-positive, 235 AFB-smear-negative slides; with an overall mycobacterial culture positivity rate of 24.

Characterizing re-triage guidelines: A scoping review of states' rules and regulations.

Background: State guidelines for re-triage, or emergency inter-facility transfer, have never been characterized across the United States.

Methods: All 50 states' Department of Health and/or Trauma System websites were reviewed for publicly available re-triage guidelines within their rules and regulations. Communication was made via phone or email to state agencies or trauma advisory committees to obtain or confirm the absence of guidelines where public data was unavailable.

Mind and skin: Exploring the links between inflammation, sleep disturbance and neurocognitive function in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic and inflammatory, dry skin condition with many known comorbidities. These include airway disease, food allergies, atopic eye disease and autoimmune conditions. Furthermore, there is often significant sleep disturbance as well as increased psychological distress and mental health problems.

-associated bloodstream infection in a renal transplant patient with chronic indwelling central venous catheter: a case report and literature review.

Introduction: Although rare, human infections caused by spp. have been reported, especially within the immunocompromised population and those with long-term indwelling devices. We report a case of spp.

Non-biologic systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis: Current state of the art and future directions.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition with an unpredictable clinical course, associated with a significant impact on quality of life. The pathophysiology of AD involves a complex interplay between impaired skin barrier function, immune dysregulation, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Advances in understanding of the immunological mechanisms that underpin AD have heralded the recognition of multiple novel therapeutic targets to bolster the systemic treatment armamentarium for patients with severe AD.

Biomarkers associated with the development of comorbidities in patients with atopic dermatitis: A systematic review.

Biomarkers associated with the development of comorbidities in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients have been reported, but have not yet been systematically reviewed. Seven electronic databases were searched, from database inception to September 2021. English language randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort, and case-control studies that investigated the association between a biomarker and the development of comorbidities in AD patients were included.

The effects of systemic immunomodulatory treatments on COVID-19 outcomes in patients with atopic dermatitis: Results from the global SECURE-AD registry.

Background: Limited data are available on the effects of systemic immunomodulatory treatments on COVID-19 outcomes in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: To investigate COVID-19 outcomes in patients with AD treated with or without systemic immunomodulatory treatments, using a global registry platform.

Methods: Clinicians were encouraged to report cases of COVID-19 in their patients with AD in the Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for Atopic Dermatitis (SECURE-AD) registry.

Atopic dermatitis and risk of autoimmune conditions: Population-based cohort study.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with immune dysregulation, but epidemiologic data on the pattern of autoimmune comorbidity in people with AD are limited.

Objective: We sought to determine the risk of autoimmune conditions in people newly diagnosed with AD.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis (January 2009 to December 2018), using the UK-based Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care database.

The power and potential of BIOMAP to elucidate host-microbiome interplay in skin inflammatory diseases.

The two most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases are atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. The underpinnings of the remarkable degree of clinical heterogeneity of AD and psoriasis are poorly understood and, as a consequence, disease onset and progression are unpredictable and the optimal type and time point for intervention are as yet unknown. The BIOMAP project is the first IMI (Innovative Medicines Initiative) project dedicated to investigating the causes and mechanisms of AD and psoriasis and to identify potential biomarkers responsible for the variation in disease outcome.

The epidemiology of eczema in children and adults in England: A population-based study using primary care data.

Background: Whilst eczema is a common inflammatory skin condition, we lack contemporary estimates of disease incidence and prevalence across the lifespan.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and prevalence of eczema in children and adults in England and variation by sociodemographic factors (sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity, and geography).

Methods: We used the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care research database of 3.

Patterns and trends in eczema management in UK primary care (2009-2018): A population-based cohort study.

Background: Despite the high disease burden of eczema, a contemporary overview of the patterns and trends in primary care healthcare utilization and treatment is lacking.

Objective: To quantify primary care consultations, specialist referrals, prescribing, and treatment escalation, in children and adults with eczema in England.

Methods: A large primary care research database was used to examine healthcare and treatment utilization in people with active eczema (n = 411,931).

Epidemiology and management of atopic dermatitis in England: an observational cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin conditions in both children and adults. Despite this, contemporary descriptions of the incidence, prevalence and current management of the condition in the UK are lacking.

Methods And Analysis: We will perform a series of retrospective studies using a large population-based cohort derived from the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) network database to explore two key research themes: AD epidemiology and AD management.