Age-related differences in symptomatic CPAP efficacy in OSA patients.

Study Objectives: Limited data suggest a stronger association between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and sleepiness and a larger impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on symptoms in younger patients. We aimed to evaluate the impact of 6 months treatment with CPAP on sleepiness and quality of life according to age in a large prospective clinical cohort of patients adherent to treatment.

Methods: Within the multicenter IRSR Pays de la Loire Sleep Cohort, we identified PAP adherent obstructive sleep apnea patients (mean use > 4h/days at 6 months follow-up).

Non-invasive tests for fibrotic MASH for reducing screen failure in therapeutic trials.

Background & Aims: Therapeutic trials in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are hampered by a high 70-80% screen failure rate mostly because of the absence of fibrotic MASH on baseline liver biopsies, underscoring the need for better selection of candidates. We compared the performance of eight non-invasive tests, designed or not for the diagnosis of fibrotic MASH.

Methods: A total of 1,005 patients with histologically proven MASLD were included in five tertiary care centers.

Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea in patients treated with a mandibular advancement device.

Objectives: Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA) is well established in continuous positive airway pressure therapy but was barely studied in mandibular advancement device (MAD) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of TECSA in patients treated with a MAD and to determine its risk factors and clinical relevance.

Materials And Methods: A total of 139 patients from the IRSR Pays de la Loire Sleep Cohort suffering from snores or obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and treated with a custom-made titratable MAD were included.

Predictive abilities comparison from multiple dynamic prediction models.

With the development of personalized medicine, the study of individual prognosis appears to be a major contemporary scientific issue. Dynamic models are particularly well adapted to such studies by allowing some potential changes in the follow-up to be taken into account. In particular, this leads to more accurate predictions by updating the available information throughout the patient monitoring.

Nature-based solutions (NbS): A management paradigm shift in practitioners' perspectives on riverbank soil bioengineering.

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are promoted as practical and theoretical solutions that simultaneously provide human well-being and biodiversity benefits. One example is soil bioengineering using construction techniques based on living vegetation, and is frequently used for riverbank stabilization, flood protection, and erosion control. Compared with civil engineering, NbS offer many advantages such as cost reduction, limited impact on the environment, and production of ecosystem services.

Non-invasive tests accurately stratify patients with NAFLD based on their risk of liver-related events.

Background & Aims: Previous studies on the prognostic significance of non-invasive liver fibrosis tests in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) lack direct comparison to liver biopsy. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic accuracy of fibrosis-4 (FIB4) and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), compared to liver biopsy, for the prediction of liver-related events (LREs) in NAFLD.

Methods: A total of 1,057 patients with NAFLD and baseline FIB4 and VCTE were included in a multicenter cohort.

Game of Cruxes: co-designing a game for scientists and stakeholders for identifying joint problems.

Unlabelled: Scientists increasingly cross their disciplinary boundaries and connect with local stakeholders to jointly solve complex problems. Working with stakeholders means higher legitimacy and supports practical impact of research. Games provide a tool to achieve such transdisciplinary collaboration.

Exploring the future of land use and food security: A new set of global scenarios.

Facing a growing and more affluent world population, changing climate and finite natural resources, world food systems will have to change in the future. The aim of the Agrimonde-Terra foresight study was to build global scenarios linking land use and food security, with special attention paid to overlooked aspects such as nutrition and health, in order to help explore the possible future of the global food system. In this article, we seek to highlight how the resulting set of scenarios contributes to the debate on land use and food security and enlarges the range of possible futures for the global food system.