Spiral Monti catheterisable continent channel performed by robot-assisted approach.

Introduction: A catheterisable continent channel (CCC) is indicated in the treatment of neurogenic bladder. The most performed CCC is the Mitrofanoff's appendicovesicostomy. In case of unavailable cecal appendix, a Monti's ileovesicostomy, consisting in a tubularised ileal conduit, could be performed.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Adrenal Masses in Children: Results of a Two European Centers Survey and Literature Review.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for adrenal pathologies in children is still developing because of its low incidence in pediatric population and the discrepancy between the big volume of the masses and the reduced child's size especially in younger patients. In the literature, there are no guidelines about the use of laparoscopic andrenalectomy in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of MIS through a bicenter data analysis in order to propose a standardized protocol.

Blood Prostate-specific Antigen by Volume of Benign, Gleason Pattern 3 and 4 Prostate Tissue.

Objective: To evaluate how blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relate to prostate volume of benign tissue, Gleason pattern 3 (GP3) and Gleason pattern 4 (GP4) cancer.

Methods: The cohort included 2209 consecutive men undergoing radical prostatectomy at 2 academic institutions with pT2N0, Grade Group 1-4 prostate cancer and an undetectable postoperative PSA. Volume of benign, GP3, and GP4 were estimated.

Postoperative hydronephrosis following ureteral reimplantation: Clinical significance and importance of surgical technique and experience.

Background: Though common, postoperative hydronephrosis (POHN) following ureteroneocystostomy raises concern for an underlying obstruction. We aimed to determine the clinical significance of POHN following open (OUR) or robotic (RALUR) ureteral reimplantation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients who underwent ureteral reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) from 2008 to 2019 by a single surgeon.

Antegrade Colonic Enema Channels in Pediatric Patients Using Appendix or Cecal Flap: A Comparative Robotic Open Series.

We present perioperative outcomes of a single-center experience with robot-assisted antegrade colonic enema (ACE) channel creation for the treatment of chronic constipation refractory to medical therapy and compare it to the traditional open surgical approach. We also demonstrate a step-by-step video presentation of the robotic approach for cecal flap ACE performed as part of a dual continence procedure in patients with short length of appendix. A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who underwent ACE channel creation between 2008 and 2020 was performed.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pediatric Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty.

To perform a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) of outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) for ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction in children. A SR of the English-language literature on surgical techniques and perioperative outcomes of RALP for UPJ obstruction in children was performed without time filters using the MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane databases in July 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement recommendations. Overall, 58 studies were selected for qualitative analysis, 46 of which were included in the MA.

Ureteroneocystostomy without ureteral remodeling for grade III-V vesicoureteral reflux treatment.

Background: Ureteral remodeling (tapering or tailoring) is often performed alongside ureteroneocystostomy (ureteric reimplantation) procedures despite limited evidence on its role in promoting reflux resolution.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of ureteroneocystostomy in the absence of adjuvant ureteral remodeling for promoting reflux resolution in grade III-V vesicoureteral reflux.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis identified pediatric patients who underwent open or robotic assisted ureteroneocystostomy (OUN and RAUN, respectively) without ureteral remodeling (tailoring or tapering) at a single tertiary care center.

Infant Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Outcomes at a Single Institution, and Tips for Safety and Success.

Background: Since its first description, multiple reports proved efficacy and safety of the robotic platform. Further progress has been made allowing for the application of robotic surgery to smaller patients, including infants. Despite the early favorable results, the use of robot surgery in infants is still controversial and more studies are needed to confirm its benefits.

Comparative Outcomes of Double-J and Cutaneous Pyeloureteral Stents in Pediatric Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty.

Comparative outcome studies investigating internal Double-J (DJ) and externalized stents have primarily been performed for open and laparoscopic pyeloplasty, with a paucity of literature surrounding outcomes in robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP). Furthermore, outcomes of a modified external stent inserted into the renal pelvis, termed cutaneous pyeloureteral (CPU) stent, remain unexamined. This study investigates outcomes of DJ and CPU stents as methods of trans-anastomotic drainage.

Long term renal function following selective angioembolization for iatrogenic vascular lesions after partial nephrectomy: A matched case-control study.

Purpose: Partial nephrectomy is associated with a 1%-2% risk of renal iatrogenic vascular lesion (IVL) that are commonly treated with selective angioembolization (SAE). The theoretical advantage of SAE is preservation of renal parenchyma by targeting only the bleeding portion of the kidney. Our study aims to assess the long-term effect of SAE on renal function, especially that this intervention requires potentially nephrotoxic contrast load injection.

Pediatric urology amidst SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Building the future with current knowledge.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has ripped around the globe, stolen family members and forced healthcare systems to operate under an unprecedented strain. As of December 2020, 74.7 million people have contracted COVID-19 worldwide and although vaccine distribution has commenced, a recent rise in cases suggest that the pandemic is far from over.

The Urinary Microbiome and Bladder Cancer: Susceptibility and Immune Responsiveness.

Bladder cancer is a highly prevalent disease worldwide and is associated with a high mortality rate. Across all stages of bladder cancer, immunotherapy has now become the cornerstone of treatment. The commensal microbiome has become a major focus of research given its impact on numerous states of human health and disease.

Impact of Non-guideline-directed Care on Quality of Life in Testicular Cancer Survivors.

Background: Non-guideline-directed care (NGDC) is seen in ∼30% of testicular cancer patients and has been identified as a significant predictor of relapse. However, the potential impact of mismanagement on patient quality of life (QoL) is yet to be established.

Objective: To explore the impact of NGDC on long-term QoL in testicular cancer survivors (TCSs).

The Surgical Management of Acute Gastric Volvulus: Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life Assessment.

Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for gastric volvulus. Despite its rarity, early experience from recent publications suggests that laparoscopy is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of acute gastric volvulus. Yet, more data focusing on patients' postoperative quality of life (QoL) is needed.

Continent Cutaneous Catheterizable Channels in Pediatric Patients: A Decade of Experience with Open and Robotic Approaches in a Single Center.

Background: To allow patients with bladder and bowel dysfunctions to achieve social continence, continent catheterizable channels (CCCs) are effective alternatives to intermittent self-catheterization and enema.

Objective: We aimed to describe our progressive advancement from open to robotic construction of CCCs, reporting outcomes and comparing the two approaches.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of pediatric patients who underwent construction of CCCs between 2008 and 2019.

Paraesophageal Hernia Repair: How I Do It.

Although the results of a laparoscopic repair of a paraesophageal hernia are convincing and accepted, controversies still persist regarding indications for elective repair, the need for a concurrent fundoplication, the use of mesh, and the need for a Collis gastroplasty. This article is a description of our surgical approach to the patient with a paraesophageal hernia in need of a repair.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy in children: Step-by-step and modifications to UChicago technique.

Objective: To describe the step-by-step techniques and modifications for robot-assisted augmentation ileocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy in a pediatric population with updated institutional results.

Introduction: Robot-assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty with Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy (RALIMA) protects the upper urinary tract and reestablishes continence in patients with refractory neurogenic bladder. Robotic assistance could provide the benefits of minimally invasive surgery without the challenges of pure laparoscopy.

Live-case demonstrations in pediatric urology: Ethics, patient safety, and clinical outcomes from an 8-year institutional experience.

Purpose: Live case demonstrations have become a common occurrence at surgical meetings around the world. These demonstrations are meant to serve as an educational medium for teaching techniques, promote discussion, improve interventions and outcomes. Despite the valuable educational benefits, many authors still question the ethics of this approach.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in infants and children: is it superior to conventional laparoscopy?

Introduction: Open pyeloplasty (OP) has been the first-line treatment for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) since it was first described by Anderson and Hynes. The use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to treat UPJO in the pediatric population has increased in recent years, due to decreased morbidity and shorter recovery times. Recently, robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) has seen a steady expansion.

Impact and Outcomes of a Pediatric Robotic Urology Mini-Fellowship.

In order to support practicing pediatric surgeons and urologists to safely and effectively incorporate robotic surgery into their practice, we established a 5-day mini-fellowship program with a mentor, preceptor and proctor at our institution. This study was designed to report our experience with the pediatric robotic mini-fellowship (PRM) and to evaluate the impact this course had on the participants' practice. The mini-fellowship training at our institution is provided in two modules, including upper and lower urinary tract surgery, over a 5-day period.

Lessons learned from a single-surgeon series of paediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic urological procedures: predictors of high-grade postoperative complications.

Objectives: To describe postoperative complications after robot-assisted laparoscopic urological surgery in children, and identify potential predictors of these complications by analysing the outcomes of a large-volume single-surgeon experience.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed our institutional database to identify all robot-assisted laparoscopy (RAL) cases performed between December 2007 and December 2017. Patients were grouped into three cohorts based on the anatomical location of the procedure: upper urinary tract (kidney and renal pelvis); lower urinary tract (ureter); and lower urinary tract reconstruction with bowel (bladder reconstruction).

Current Status of Robotic Surgery in Pediatric Urology.

Introduction: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has been increasingly embraced in the fields of adult and pediatric urology, especially in North America and Europe. The advantages of a stable magnified three-dimensional view, tremor filtering, and motion scaling allow for precise intracorporeal exposure and suturing.

Methods: With this review, we aim to provide the most recent evidence on RALS applied to pediatric urology.