Validation of an Italian questionnaire on knowledge and perceived effects on health of Mediterranean Diet and other dietary patterns: the NUTRIDIET questionnaire.

Background And Aims: Unhealthy dietary patterns are a major contributor to non-communicable diseases. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) proved health benefits, but its adherence has declined in Italy. Nutrition knowledge (NK) significantly influences dietary behavior, but no validated tool exists to assess NK and perceptions of the MD and other dietary patterns.

Screening tool for the identification of relative energy deficiency in Sport risk: validation of the low energy availability in female questionnaire - Italian version (LEAFQ-ITA).

Background: Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (REDs) is defined as a multifactorial syndrome of impaired physiological and/or psychological functioning was previously named as the Female Athlete Triad. REDs was proposed to be an expansion of the Female Athlete Triad model (), corresponding to a combination of Low Energy Availability (LEA), alteration of the menstrual cycle and bone health. could be made possible by a screening tool to determine the risk of LEA.

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and dietary intervention: A systematic review to guide further research in amenorrheic women without overt eating disorder.

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is a multifactorial condition caused by psychological stress, energy deficit, weight loss, and excessive physical activity in the absence of adequate energy intake. Nutrition plays a key role in FHA treatment, with the primary intervention focused on correcting energy imbalance. Evidence regarding the exact amount of energy required to restore menses, the timeframe for recovery, and the optimal nutritional practices to support long-term recovery and optimize reproductive outcomes, remain limited.

Diet and Endometriosis: An Umbrella Review.

The association between nutrition and endometriosis is controversial. This umbrella review aimed to investigate whether specific dietetic strategies are useful for reducing endometriosis risk/symptoms. Systematic reviews on diet therapies for endometriosis were analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual for Evidence Synthesis methodology, and an umbrella review was implemented using Jamovi software.

Mediterranean Diet and athletic performance in elite and competitive athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) may represent the reference dietary pattern for athletes. Our aim was to study whether MedDiet could be associated with any changes in performance in adult athletes practicing different types of sport at various levels of competition.

Data Synthesis: A systematic literature review (PROSPERO n.

(Poly)phenols and Multiple Sclerosis: Results from an Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

(Poly)phenols are a wide and heterogeneous class of substances with several potential health benefits. Their role in neuroprotection and cognition is still questionable. This study's scope is to examine the possible association between total and individual (poly)phenol intake, major dietary sources, and the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a cohort of MS patients.

Association between shift work and eating behaviours, sleep quality, and mental health among Italian workers.

Purpose: Recent studies indicate that shift work may affect workers' eating habits and overall well-being. This study aimed to assess differences in eating patterns, sleep quality, and mental health between Italian shift and non-shift workers, with a focus on individual chronotype and the type of shift work (day vs. night shift).

Mediterranean Diet and Quality of Life in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Background/objectives: With the increasing life expectancy and, as a result, the aging of the global population, there has been a rise in the prevalence of chronic conditions, which can significantly impact individuals' health-related quality of life, a multidimensional concept that comprises an individual's physical, mental, and social wellbeing. While a balanced, nutrient-dense diet, such as Mediterranean diet, is widely recognized for its role in chronic disease prevention, particularly in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers, its potential benefits extend beyond these well-known effects, showing promise in improving physical and mental wellbeing, and promoting health-related quality of life.

Methods: A systematic search of the scientific literature in electronic databases (Pubmed/Medline) was performed to identify potentially eligible studies reporting on the relation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health-related quality of life, published up to December 2024.

Chronotype and Cancer: Emerging Relation Between Chrononutrition and Oncology from Human Studies.

Fasting-feeding timing is a crucial pattern implicated in the regulation of daily circadian rhythms. The interplay between sleep and meal timing underscores the importance of maintaining circadian alignment in order to avoid creating a metabolic environment conducive to carcinogenesis following the molecular and systemic disruption of metabolic performance and immune function. The chronicity of such a condition may support the initiation and progression of cancer through a variety of mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, immune suppression, and the activation of proliferative signaling pathways.

Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS)'s and Lifestyle Inflammatory Score (LIS)'s Impact on Multiple Sclerosis Severity.

: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with variable degrees of inflammation and gliosis. Diet and lifestyle factors could influence MS development and also contribute to inflammation. The current study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary and lifestyle inflammatory potential and multiple sclerosis severity.

Dropout in cognitive behavioral treatment in adults living with overweight and obesity: a systematic review.

Obesity is a chronic, complex, and multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. It is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, which damages health and deteriorates the quality of life. Although dietary treatment can significantly improve health, high attrition is a common problem in weight loss interventions with serious consequences for weight loss management and frustration.

Adherence to ketogenic dietary therapies in epilepsy: A systematic review of literature.

Treatment adherence, defined as the degree to which the patient actively follows the plan of care, is very difficult for subjects undergoing ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs). This is a relevant issue because adherence to dietary therapies is considered 1 of the primary determinants of the treatment's success. This paper aimed to review the literature evidence about KDT adherence according to age and diagnosis of patients.

Nutritional counseling in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Healthy eating habits are the basis for good health status, especially for children and adolescents, when growth and development are still ongoing. Nutrition educational programs are essential to prevent and treat chronic diseases. Nutritional counseling (NC), as a collaborative process between the counselor and the client process, could help to achieve better outcomes.

Nutritional counseling in athletes: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Many studies report poor adherence to sports nutrition guidelines, but there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of nutrition education and behavior change interventions in athletes. Some studies among athletes demonstrate that nutrition education (NE), often wrongly confused with nutritional counseling (NC), alone is insufficient to result in behavior change. For this reason, a clear distinction between NC and NE is of paramount importance, both in terms of definition and application.

Adherence to Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Severity.

Currently available data suggest that the union of a balanced diet and an overall healthy lifestyle may determine an amelioration in several clinical parameters and in the quality of life for patients with MS (pwMS). The study objective was to investigate the possible difference in MS severity in a group of Italian patients with MS based on their adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet). Eating habits were collected through a validated 110-items Food Frequency Questionnaire, the Medi-Lite score was used for adherence to MedDiet evaluation.

Factor Analysis of the Brazilian Questionnaire on Adherence to Ketogenic Dietary Therapy: Keto-Check.

Background: several strategies are used to assess adherence to ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs), the most commonly used being ketonemia or ketonuria, despite their limitations. The purpose of this article is to carry out an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on the proposed Keto-check (adherence's KDT Brazilian questionnaire).

Methods: there was a methodological study of a quantitative nature, complementary to the analysis realized previously, with a complimentary sample.

Validation of an Italian Questionnaire of Adherence to the Ketogenic Dietary Therapies: iKetoCheck.

Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) are an effective and safe non-pharmacological treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy, but adherence can be challenging for both patients and caregivers. In Europe, there are no adequate tools to measure it other than monitoring ketosis. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Brazilian adherence questionnaire, Keto-check, into the Italian version: iKetoCheck.

Ketonemia variability through menstrual cycle in patients undergoing classic ketogenic diet.

Introduction: Ketogenic dietary therapies (KDT) are well-established, safe, non-pharmacologic treatments used for children and adults with drug-resistant epilepsy and other neurological disorders. Ketone bodies (KBs) levels are recognized as helpful to check compliance to the KDT and to attempt titration of the diet according to the individualized needs. KBs might undergo inter-individual and intra-individual variability and can be affected by several factors.

Ketosis and migraine: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Headaches are a prevalent disorder worldwide, and there is compelling evidence that certain dietary interventions could provide relief from attacks. One promising approach is ketogenic therapy, which replaces the brain's glucose fuel source with ketone bodies, potentially reducing the frequency or severity of headaches.

Aim: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature on the impact of ketosis on migraine, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method.

Long-term follow-up of nutritional status in children with GLUT1 Deficiency Syndrome treated with classic ketogenic diet: a 5-year prospective study.

Introduction: The classic ketogenic diet (cKD) is an isocaloric, high fat, low-carbohydrate diet that induces the production of ketone bodies. High consumption of dietary fatty acids, particularly long-chain saturated fatty acids, could impair nutritional status and increase cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of a 5-year cKD on body composition, resting energy expenditure, and biochemical parameters in children affected by Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome (GLUT1DS).

The Glycemic Index of Indica and Japonica Subspecies Parboiled Rice Grown in Italy and the Effect on Glycemic Index of Different Parboiling Processes.

Rice is generally considered a high-glycemic index (GI) food, but numerous studies show that parboiling reduces the GI. There are no studies on GI of Indica and Japonica subspecies parboiled rice grown in Italy. The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate GI in different varieties of parboiled rice (ribe, white and brown long B, basmati, black, red, roma, and arborio); (2) to evaluate GI of same variety of rice subjected to different rice parboiling processes (parboiled ribe and parboiled long B with two different methods: flora and conventional method); (3) to evaluate GI of two by-products of parboiled rice: white and brown rice cake.

A Review of Ketogenic Dietary Therapies for Epilepsy and Neurological Diseases: A Proposal to Implement an Adapted Model to Include Healthy Mediterranean Products.

Based on the growing evidence of the therapeutic role of high-fat ketogenic dietary therapies (KDTs) for neurological diseases and on the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD), it could be important to delineate a Mediterranean version of KDTs in order to maintain a high ketogenic ratio, and thus avoid side effects, especially in patients requiring long-term treatment. This narrative review aims to explore the existing literature on this topic and to elaborate recommendations for a Mediterranean version of the KDTs. It presents practical suggestions based on MD principles, which consist of key elements for the selection of foods (both from quantitative and qualitative prospective), and indications of the relative proportions and consumption frequency of the main food groups that constitute the Mediterranean version of the KDTs.

Practical dietary advices for subjects with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.

Congenital alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare inherited disorder caused by the mutation of the SERPINA1 gene on chromosome 14. At pulmonary level, AAT deficiency leads to an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema, starting from the third-fourth decade of life. At hepatic level, some variants of the allelic, in particular PI*Z, cause a conformational change of the AAT molecule, which polymerizes within the hepatocytes.

Very low calorie ketogenic diet and common rheumatic disorders: A case report.

Background: The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present, as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases, including rheumatic diseases. We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD).

Case Summary: The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index (BMI) of 30.