Fasting plasma glucose outperformed 1-hour plasma glucose in predicting diabetes incidence in individuals with family history of young-onset type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Family history (FmH) of young-onset type 2 diabetes (YOD) and 1-hour plasma glucose (PG) during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test predicts incident diabetes, although their interactions remain unknown.

Research Design And Methods: In a workforce cohort established in 1998-2003, we ascertained their glycemic status in 2012-2014. We examined the interaction between FmH-YOD and 1-hour PG in predicting diabetes and used receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis to compare the performance of 1-hour PG in participants with or without FmH-YOD.

Sleep habits in the pathogenesis and management of diabesity.

In parallel with the rising global epidemic of obesity and diabetes, termed "diabesity" to underscore the strong relationship between these two conditions, there has been a decreasing trend in the average sleep duration in many parts of the world. Sleep is an essential component of everyday life and plays a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism and many other physiological functions. Updated guidelines include adequate sleep as one of the key elements of lifestyle therapy in diabetes management.

Young-onset type 2 diabetes-Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.

The prevalence and incidence of young-onset type 2 diabetes is increasing globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and predominantly affects non-White ethnic and racial populations. Young-onset type 2 is heterogeneous in terms of the genetic and environmental contributions to its underlying pathophysiology, which poses challenges for glycemic management. Young at-risk individuals remain underrepresented in clinical trials, including diabetes prevention studies, and there is still an insufficient evidence base to inform practice for this age group.

One-hour post-load plasma glucose level predicts future type 2 diabetes in a community-based study of Hong Kong Chinese workforce.

Background: We compared performance of high 1-hour PG level, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in predicting type 2 diabetes in a longitudinal community-based cohort of Hong Kong Chinese.

Methods: Between 2001 and 2003, 472 adults aged 18-55 years without diabetes underwent 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Between 2012 and 2014, progression to diabetes was ascertained by reviewing medical records or repeating OGTT and HbA.

Young-Onset Diabetes in East Asians: From Epidemiology to Precision Medicine.

Precision diagnosis is the keystone of clinical medicine. In East Asians, classical type 1 diabetes is uncommon in patients with youngonset diabetes diagnosed before age of 40, in whom a family history, obesity, and beta-cell and kidney dysfunction are key features. Young-onset diabetes affects one in five Asian adults with diabetes in clinic settings; however, it is often misclassified, resulting in delayed or non-targeted treatment.

Association of insomnia with incident chronic cognitive impairment in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective study of the Hong Kong Diabetes Register.

Aims: To examine the risk association of insomnia with incident chronic cognitive impairment in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Methods: Between July 2010 and June 2015, patients with T2D aged ≥60 years enrolled in the Hong Kong Diabetes Register completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire. Patients were considered having insomnia if they had ISI score > 14.

Advanced liver fibrosis predicts heart failure and hospitalizations in people with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from Hong Kong Diabetes Register.

Aims: We aimed to examine the impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Between 2013 and 2014, 1,734 patients with T2D underwent transient elastography (TE) to assess liver status indicated by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Liver steatosis was defined by CAP ≥ 248 dB/m and advanced liver fibrosis by LSM ≥ 10 kPa.

Detection of increased serum miR-122-5p and miR-455-3p levels before the clinical diagnosis of liver cancer in people with type 2 diabetes.

People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased cancer risk. Liver cancer (LC) has a high prevalence in East Asia and is one of the leading causes of cancer death globally. Diagnosis of LC at early stage carries good prognosis.