Author's response to the commentary: Neuromyelitis optica complicating COVID vaccinations and additional case reports.

Our article Newly diagnosed neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders following vaccination: Case report and systematic review had instigated a critique that there were more cases of post-COVID-19-vaccination NMOSD. Indeed, after the systematic review was performed in July 2021, many reports have been published, and we have seen two new patients at our center as well. However, Finsterer's question on the subclinical activity of NMOSD prior to vaccination, although an interesting notion, was debatable.

Newly diagnosed neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders following vaccination: Case report and systematic review.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has been vigorously illustrated, but triggers of the disease remain unclear. Viral infection and vaccination have been observed to precede certain cases of NMOSD. Amidst the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, mass vaccination takes place across the globe.

Effects of vitamin B12, folate, and entacapone on homocysteine levels in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients: A randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested a significant increase in plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and vitamin B12 and folate supplementation may decrease Hcy levels. However, the effects of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors on levodopa-induced increase in Hcy levels were conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Hcy levels are increased in levodopa-treated PD patients and to evaluate the effects of vitamin B12 and folate or entacapone on Hcy levels in levodopa-treated PD patients.

Cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome as the presenting symptom of brainstem cavernous malformation: a case report.

The rare cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome (COPS) is characterized by sensory disturbances around the corner of the mouth, and in the hand and foot of the same side. The causative lesion is located in the thalamocortical projections, thalamus or brainstem and is usually due to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. We report a case of a patient with brain stem cavernous malformations presented as pure COPS with additional sensory disturbance in the thorax.

A large number of cerebral microbleeds in CADASIL patients presenting with recurrent seizures: a case report.

Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary arteriopathy associated with the NOTCH3 gene. Clinical manifestations include strokes, transient ischaemic events, psychiatric disturbances, dementia, and migraines. We report a case of a Thai man with a severe CADASIL phenotype who presented with recurrent seizures and acute ischaemic stroke and classic vascular risk factors.

Patent foramen ovale and recurrent transient neurological symptoms: a case report and review of literature.

Stroke is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. Because patent foramen ovale (PFO) is commonly found in normal population, we need to identify a subset of cryptogenic stroke patients who are likely to have experienced paradoxical embolization. Various factors need to be considered such as atrial anatomic variation (PFO size, atrial septal aneurysm, eustachian valve anatomy), hemodynamic parameters, presence of venous thrombosis and presence ofhypercoagulable state.