WoundcareVQA: A multilingual visual question answering benchmark dataset for wound care.

Objective: Introduce the task of wound care multimodal multilingual visual question answering, provide baseline performances, and identify areas of future study.

Methods: A dataset of wound care multimodal multilingual visual question answering (VQA) was created using consumer health questions asked online. Practicing US medical doctors were tasked with providing metadata and expert responses labels.

The Effect of Larval Exposure to Plastic Pollution on the Gut Microbiota of the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae).

Plastic pollution is prevalent in water bodies. However, most studies on plastic pollution focus on marine environments, with limited knowledge about its impact on freshwater ecosystems. This paucity of information extends to the effect on aquatic insects, with little reported data on the effect of plastic on malaria vectors.

LASER-MICROTEXTURED ABUTMENTS MAY HELP REDUCE INFLAMMATION AND PERI‑IMPLANT TISSUE REMODELING FOLLOWING IMPLANT PLACEMENT.

Article Title And Bibliographic Information: Aldrin Huamán-Mendoza, Renata Bommarito, Marcos Hideki Hagy, Nathalia Vilela, Marcelo Munhóes Romano, Mariana Minatel Braga, Claudio Mendes Pannuti, Marinella Holzhausen. Effect of laser-microtextured abutments on peri-implant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Oral Investigations (2024) 28:388 https://doi.

Machine Learning for Detecting Iron Deficiency through Comprehensive Blood Analysis.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is a prevalent global health issue with a major impact on well-being. Early detection of ID is crucial but challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and the limitations of traditional diagnostic tests, which are impractical for large-scale screening. This study proposes a machine learning (ML) approach using complete blood count (CBC) data and cell population data (CPD) for detecting ID in the general population.

Comparative Analysis of Sharpening Devices on Periodontal Hand Instruments and Their Impact on Root Surface Roughness: An In Vitro Study.

Maintaining sharp periodontal instruments is critical for effective scaling and root planing, yet little data exist on how different sharpening methods affect instrument and root surface roughness. This in-vitro study examined the effects of various manual sharpening diamond- coated cards (medium, fine, extra-fine) and synthetic stones (medium India, fine ceramic) on the roughness of Gracey 11/12 curette edges and instrumented root surfaces. All instruments were sharpened by a single operator using a standardized stationary instrument, moving stone (SIMS) technique.

The Electroluminescent Application of V-shaped Tröger's Base Compounds.

We report the design and evaluation of three V-shaped Tröger's base (TB) derivatives-TB-PhCz, TB-CzPh, and TB-oPhCz-featuring phenylcarbazole moieties as potential host materials for red and green phosphorescent OLEDs. The TB-hosts exhibited high decomposition temperatures (353 °C-399 °C) and glass transition temperatures (∼197 °C), demonstrating excellent thermal stability-an essential attribute for vacuum deposition processes and long-term device reliability. Two device architectures, single-host and co-host systems, were investigated to assess their influence on device performance.

Vital Pulp Therapy in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.

To determine factors affecting permanent tooth vital pulp therapy (VPT) success from a systematic review (SR) and metaanalyses. SRs of databases were completed through June 2024, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used for the certainty of evidence. The 24-month indirect pulp treatment (IPT), direct pulp capping (DPC), partial pulpotomy (PP), and full pulpotomy (FP) successes (91 to 97 percent) were not statistically different (P=0.

Characterisation of bacterial symbionts of the Anopheles funestus group from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.

Anopheles funestus s.s. is the anthropophilic member of a group of mosquitoes that was the only member considered a malaria vector until recently.

Extracellular matrix induces trophoblast HtrA4 expression: Implications for the pathogenesis of placenta accreta spectrum.

Objective: To study whether the upregulation of HtrA4 expression in extravillous trophoblasts and the downregulation of HtrA1 expression in defective deciduae underlined the mechanisms of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) development.

Methods: Tissue samples from patients undergone cesarean hysterectomy because of postpartum hemorrhage due to PAS (n = 15) or uterine atony (control group; n = 10) were analyzed through immunostainings. The effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) on trophoblast HtrA4 expression, and HtrA4 in the alteration of trophoblast epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, proliferation, invasion and HtrA1 inhibition were assessed.

Using Nomograms to Predict Patient Tolerance to High-Dose Cisplatin During Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with high-dose cisplatin is the standard treatment for locally advanced head and neck cancer (LA-HNC). However, some patients experience underdosing or severe side effects due to intolerance. That is, identifying patients who can tolerate high-dose cisplatin remains challenging.

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles as Putative Mediators of Cardiovascular Disease in Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the pathogenesis of CVD in CKD remains incompletely understood. Endothelial extracellular vesicles (EC-EVs) have previously been associated with CVD.

Polymorphisms in the calcium voltage-gated channel subunit Alpha1 D (CACNA1D) gene are associated with spontaneous preterm birth in Taiwanese women.

Purpose: Calcium signaling is essential for immune function, myometrial contractions, and hormone secretion, all of which contribute to preterm birth. In this study, we investigated the associations of 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CACNA1D gene, which encodes the Cav1.3 calcium channel, with the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB).

Crosslinked Versus Non-Crosslinked Resorbable Collagen Membranes for Periodontal Regeneration: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the results of combination therapy involving bone grafting and two different resorbable collagen membranes in 1-, 2- and 3-wall infrabony defects.

Methods: A total of 174 patients with infrabony defects (≥ 7 mm periodontal probing depth) were randomized to receive deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with either a native porcine non-crosslinked collagen membrane (N-CM, control, n = 87) or a novel porcine crosslinked collagen membrane (C-CM, test, n = 87). Clinical parameters, including periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR), were recorded at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks.

Use of Machine Learning to Predict the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Among Relatively Healthy Adults: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study in Taiwan.

: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, particularly in the Pacific Ocean island nations. Although machine learning (ML) models and data mining approaches have been applied to diabetes research, there was no study utilizing ML models to predict diabetes incidence in Taiwan. We aimed to predict the onset of diabetes in order to raise health awareness, thereby promoting any necessary lifestyle modifications and help mitigate disease burden.

Same-Slide Spatial Multi-Omics Integration Reveals Tumor Virus-Linked Spatial Reorganization of the Tumor Microenvironment.

The advent of spatial transcriptomics and spatial proteomics have enabled profound insights into tissue organization to provide systems-level understanding of diseases. Both technologies currently remain largely independent, and emerging same slide spatial multi-omics approaches are generally limited in plex, spatial resolution, and analytical approaches. We introduce IN-situ DEtailed Phenotyping To High-resolution transcriptomics (IN-DEPTH), a streamlined and resource-effective approach compatible with various spatial platforms.

Latest update on the use of recombinant growth factors for periodontal regeneration: existing evidence and clinical applications.

Growth factors were introduced to increase predictability in periodontal regeneration and have since been widely applied in dentistry. This narrative review article highlights histological and latest findings of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) for periodontal regeneration. rhPDGF-BB enhances the proliferation and chemotaxis of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells.

Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation on the Surface Modification and Cell Adhesion on Titanium Discs: An In Vitro Study.

This study evaluates the potential of erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation to modify the titanium surface for optimal seeding of fibroblasts and osteoblasts in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Titanium discs were treated using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, an ultrasonic device with a stainless tip, or titanium scalers. Changes in surface properties were analyzed by profilometer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Redox control of the deubiquitinating enzyme Ubp2 regulates translation during stress.

Protein ubiquitination is essential to govern cells' ability to cope with harmful environments by regulating many aspects of protein dynamics from synthesis to degradation. As important as the ubiquitination process, the reversal of ubiquitin chains mediated by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) is critical for proper recovery from stress and re-establishment of proteostasis. Although it is known that ribosomes are decorated with K63-linked polyubiquitin chains that control protein synthesis under stress, the mechanisms by which these ubiquitin chains are reversed and regulate proteostasis during stress recovery remain elusive.

Clinical and histological efficacy of a new implant surface in achieving early and stable osseointegration: An in vivo study.

An advantage of treated implant surfaces is their increased degree of hydrophilicity and wettability compared with untreated, machined, smooth surfaces that are hydrophobic. The present preclinical in vivo study aimed to compare the two implant surface types, namely SLActive (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) and nanohydroxyapatite (Hiossen, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA), in achieving early osseointegration. The authors hypothesised that the nanohydroxyapatite surface is comparable to SLActive for early bone-implant contact.

Microscale Spatial Dysbiosis in Oral biofilms Associated with Disease.

Microbiome dysbiosis has largely been defined using compositional analysis of metagenomic sequencing data; however, differences in the spatial arrangement of bacteria between healthy and diseased microbiomes remain largely unexplored. In this study, we measured the spatial arrangement of bacteria in dental implant biofilms from patients with healthy implants, peri-implant mucositis, or peri-implantitis, an oral microbiome-associated inflammatory disease. We discovered that peri-implant biofilms from patients with mild forms of the disease were characterized by large single-genus patches of bacteria, while biofilms from healthy sites were more complex, mixed structures.