Tricobalt tetraselenide nanoparticles improve intestinal barrier function by reshaping the gut microbiota and fortifying epithelial tight junctions.

The disrupted intestinal mechanical barrier contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irradiation-induced intestinal injury (IRIII), both of which lack sufficient medical countermeasures currently. Reshaping the gut microbiota to increase the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels is instrumental for fortifying the mechanical barrier and mitigating these diseases. Inspired by the fact that supplementation of essential trace elements selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) can enrich SCFA-producing bacteria and promote microbial fermentation, respectively, we prepared tricobalt tetraselenide nanoparticles (CoSe NPs) using a facile biomineralization approach in this study.

Creatine-mediated ferroptosis inhibition is involved in the intestinal radioprotection of daytime-restricted feeding.

Ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury (IRIII) is a catastrophic disease lack of sufficient medical countermeasures currently. Regulation of the gut microbiota through dietary adjustments is a potential strategy to mitigate IRIII. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an emerging behavioral nutrition intervention with pleiotropic health benefits.

Dodecapeptides derived from human cathelicidin with potent activity against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

The increasing infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) poses a serious threat to global public health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are alternatives to conventional antibiotics in combating superbugs. However, discovering AMPs with low synthesis costs and strong antibacterial effects against CRAB is challenging.

Application of a derivative of human defensin 5 to treat ionizing radiation-induced enterogenic infection.

Enterogenic infection is a common complication for patients with radiation injury and requires efficient therapeutics in the clinic. Herein, we evaluated the promising drug candidate T7E21RHD5, which is a peptide derived from intestinal Paneth cell-secreted human defensin 5. Oral administration of this peptide alleviated the diarrhea symptoms of mice that received total abdominal irradiation (TAI, γ-ray, 12 Gy) and improved survival.

γ-Core Guided Antibiotic Design Based on Human Enteric Defensin 5.

An increase in the number of infections caused by resistant bacteria worldwide necessitates the development of alternatives to antibiotics. Human defensin (HD) 5 is an innate immune peptide with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, but its complicated structure makes its preparation difficult. Herein, we truncated the HD5 structure by extracting the highly conserved γ-core motif.

Clustered Cobalt Nanodots Initiate Ferroptosis by Upregulating Heme Oxygenase 1 for Radiotherapy Sensitization.

High cobalt (Co) levels in tumors are associated with good clinical prognosis. An anticancer regimen that increases intratumoral Co through targeted nanomaterial delivery is proposed in this study. Bovine serum albumin and cobalt dichloride are applied to prepare cobaltous oxide nanodots using a facile biomineralization strategy.

Irradiation accelerates SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing sphingolipid metabolism.

Cancer patients who receive radiotherapy have a high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but the concrete reason remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the influence of irradiation on the vulnerability of cancer cells to SARS-CoV-2 using S pseudovirions and probed the underlying mechanism via RNA-seq and other molecular biology techniques. Owing to the enhancement of sphingolipid metabolism, irradiation accelerated pseudovirion infection.

Prediction of Multiple Organ Failure Complicated by Moderately Severe or Severe Acute Pancreatitis Based on Machine Learning: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Multiple organ failure (MOF) may lead to an increased mortality rate of moderately severe (MSAP) or severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). This study is aimed to use machine learning to predict the risk of MOF in the course of disease.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory features with significant differences between patients with and without MOF were screened out by univariate analysis.