Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling.

Existing theory of mind (ToM) measures for children meet challenges from three perspectives. Developmentally, they lack items covering the entire spectrum of ToM abilities, namely, the early, basic and advanced levels. Dimensionally, most measures are unidimensional, not distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM.

Development of an efficient computerized adaptive test measuring children's self-care performance.

Background: The Computerized Adaptive Test for Measuring Children's Self-care Performance (CAT-SC) was developed with an interview administration approach for a limited population.

Aims: We developed a new CAT-SC (the CAT-SC-T) based on the original candidate item bank of the CAT-SC, using the caregiver-report approach and targeting children with and without disability.

Methods And Procedures Design: In this cross-sectional study in the general community, 1289 caregivers of children with and without disability were assessed with the original candidate item bank of the CAT-SC.

A pre-rule for the sequential probability ratio test in a between-item grid multidimensional computerized classification test.

The measurement efficiency of a grid multidimensional computerized classification test (grid MCCT), which makes a classification decision per dimension, can be improved by taking the correlations between the dimensions into account in the termination criterion. The higher the correlations, the better the improvement in measurement efficiency. However, a termination criterion utilizing inter-dimensional information (i.

Development and Psychometric Examination of a New Social Competence Outcome Measure for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Observational Social Competence Assessment.

Current assessments of social competence for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are mostly designed for screening or diagnosis, not for measuring outcomes. This study aimed to develop a professional-administrated outcome measure, the Observational Social Competence Assessment (OSCA), and examine its psychometric properties. The OSCA was constructed based on a multidimensional view of social competence (i.

Development and validation of the newly developed Preschool Theory of Mind Assessment (ToMA-P).

Introduction: Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to understand and attribute mental states to oneself and others. A ToM measure is warranted for preschool children to assess their ToM development from a multidimensional perspective (i.e.

Theory of Mind Predicts Social Interaction in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study.

This two-year follow-up study examined the predictive relationships of theory of mind (ToM) to social interaction by reciprocal social behaviors (RSBs) and social functioning (SF) in 106 children with ASD. The results of the path analysis showed that the earlier ToM predicted children's current component RSBs (B = 3.53, SE = 1.

Improving test efficiency for a grid multidimensional computerized classification test by the application of a conditional latent-trait distribution to a sequential probability ratio test.

The measurement efficiency of a multidimensional computerized adaptive testing (MCAT) can be improved by taking the correlations between the dimensions into account during the item selection and latent-trait estimation procedures (Segall, 1996; Wang & Chen, 2004). Although a multidimensional computerized classification test (MCCT), which was based on a multidimensional itemresponse model, was previously found more efficient than its unidimensional counterpart, the difference was negligible (Seitz & Frey, 2013); the researchers had adopted a sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) as the termination criterion in this MCCT study. To make a classification decision on each dimension, which is called a grid classification (Wang et al.

Development of the Computerized Adaptive Test of Motor Development (MD-CAT) Adopting Multidimensional Rasch Analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to develop the Computerized Adaptive Test of Motor Development (MD-CAT) in preschool children based on multidimensional Rasch analysis.

Design: A retrospective study with cross-sectional design.

Setting: A medical center.

Development of a battery of phase-adaptive health literacy tests for stroke survivors.

Objective: We aimed to develop a health literacy battery for three phases of stroke (HL-3S).

Methods: Three Rasch-based item banks corresponding to health care, disability prevention, and health promotion in the acute, subacute, and chronic phases of stroke, respectively, were developed by a multidisciplinary stroke team. To construct the HL-3S, a panel of clinical and Rasch experts selected items from the three Rasch-based item banks according to content representativeness and item difficulty diversity.

Psychometric Properties and Efficiency of the Computerized Adaptive Testing System for Measuring Self-Care Performance in Taiwanese Children With Developmental Disabilities.

Objective: To investigate the psychometric properties and efficiency of the computerized adaptive testing system for measuring self-care performance (CAT-SC). The psychometric properties included intrarater and interrater reliabilities, concurrent validity, minimal detectable change, minimal important difference, and responsiveness.

Design: Criterion standard study.

Prediction Of Playfulness By Pretend Play, Severity Of Autism Behaviors, And Verbal Comprehension In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit deficits in pretend play and have less playfulness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pretend play and playfulness in children with autism spectrum disorder, while controlling for severity of autism behaviors, verbal comprehension, and age.

Methods: A sample of 72 children with ASD aged between 3 and 12 years were assessed with the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment, Test of Playfulness, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale, respectively, for their pretend play, playfulness, and severity of autism behaviors.

Identifying the Cognitive Correlates of Reciprocity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

This study examined the cognitive correlates of reciprocity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 59 children with ASD were assessed with the Interactive Drawing Task, Theory of Mind Task Battery, Children's Card Change Sort Task, and Children's Gambling Task respectively for their reciprocity, theory of mind, cool executive function (EF), and hot EF. The correlational findings revealed that cool EF (r = .

Improving the Assessment of Differential Item Functioning in Large-Scale Programs With Dual-Scale Purification of Rasch Models: The PISA Example.

By design, large-scale educational testing programs often have a large proportion of missing data. Since the effect of missing data on differential item functioning (DIF) assessment has been investigated in recent years and it has been found that Type I error rates tend to be inflated, it is of great importance to adapt existing DIF assessment methods to the inflation. The DIF-free-then-DIF (DFTD) strategy, which originally involved one single-scale purification procedure to identify DIF-free items, has been extended to involve another scale purification procedure for the DIF assessment in this study, and this new method is called the dual-scale purification (DSP) procedure.

Rasch Analysis of the 9-Item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire in Women With Breast Cancer.

Background: Shared decision making (SDM) is a best practice to help patients make optimal decisions by a process of healthcare, especially for women diagnosed with breast cancer and having heavy burden in long-term treatments. To promote successful SDM, it is crucial to assess the level of perceived involvement in SDM in women with breast cancer.

Objective: The aims of this study were to apply Rasch analysis to examine the construct validity and person reliability of the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) in women with breast cancer.

Item-saving assessment of self-care performance in children with developmental disabilities: A prospective caregiver-report computerized adaptive test.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to construct a computerized adaptive test (CAT) for measuring self-care performance (the CAT-SC) in children with developmental disabilities (DD) aged from 6 months to 12 years in a content-inclusive, precise, and efficient fashion.

Methods: The study was divided into 3 phases: (1) item bank development, (2) item testing, and (3) a simulation study to determine the stopping rules for the administration of the CAT-SC. A total of 215 caregivers of children with DD were interviewed with the 73-item CAT-SC item bank.

Validation of the Integrated Model of Health Literacy in Patients With Breast Cancer.

Background: Health literacy (HL) enables patients with breast cancer to actively participate in health decisions and promote positive health outcomes. The Integrated Model of Health Literacy (IMHL), defined as the personal, situational, and societal/environmental factors that predict the level of HL that can influence health outcomes, incorporates the concepts, determinants, and consequences of HL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms and completeness of the IMHL in patients with breast cancer.

Evaluating the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire in Patients with Stroke: A Latent Trait Analysis Using Rasch Modeling.

Background: The effective self-management and treatment of long-term disability after stroke depends greatly on the health literacy of patients. The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q) is a comprehensive and theory-based measure that captures multiple self-perceived competencies of health literacy and covers a diverse range of health contexts. However, there is no psychometric evidence on the HLS-EU-Q in the stroke population.

Theory of Mind Deficit is Associated with Pretend Play Performance, but not Playfulness, in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective/background: This study aimed to examine the relationships of theory of mind (ToM) to both pretend play and playfulness in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Twenty children with ASD aged between 3 years and 7.11 years were assessed with the ToM test, and then placed in a free play condition and a pretend play condition to assess pretend play and playfulness with the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment and Test of Playfulness, respectively.

Validation of the short-form Health Literacy Scale in patients with stroke.

Objective: We aimed to validate a Mandarin version of the short-form Health Literacy Scale (SHEAL) in patients with stroke.

Methods: Each patient with stroke was interviewed with the SHEAL. The Public Stroke Knowledge Quiz (PSKQ) was administered as a criterion for examining the convergent validity of the SHEAL.

A prospective study of the responsiveness of the original and the short form Berg Balance Scale in people with stroke.

Objective: The study aim was to examine the responsiveness of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and that of its short form (SFBBS) at both the individual person level and the group level.

Design: A repeated-measurements design.

Setting: Hospital and home setting.

Development of a computerized adaptive test for assessing balance function in patients with stroke.

Background: An efficient and precise measure of balance is needed to improve administration efficiency and to reduce the assessment burden for patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a computerized adaptive testing (CAT) system for assessing balance function in an efficient, reliable, and valid fashion in patients with stroke.

Design: Two cross-sectional prospective studies were conducted.

Using SAS PROC NLMIXED to fit item response theory models.

Researchers routinely construct tests or questionnaires containing a set of items that measure personality traits, cognitive abilities, political attitudes, and so forth. Typically, responses to these items are scored in discrete categories, such as points on a Likert scale or a choice out of several mutually exclusive alternatives. Item response theory (IRT) explains observed responses to items on a test (questionnaire) by a person's unobserved trait, ability, or attitude.